냉전검열의 변용, 파국, 재편― 1980년대 출판검열과 책의 운명

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to restore the truth of the catastrophe and reorganization of the Cold War censorship in the 1980s, focusing on the correlation between publication censorship and prohibition from the perspective of Cold War censorship history. It is a macroscopic bird's eye view of the cultural history of contemporary books. Censorship in the Fifth Republic used an authoritarian social and cultural control policy in the 1970s while implementing new censorship techniques at the same time as the Yushin regime's censorship system was inherited. However, this basis of censorship was difficult to carry out due to internal and external changes such as the detente trend of the global Cold War system, the mounting pressure on intellectual property rights in the United States, the rising social transformation movement, the widespread demand for cultural democracy, and the disturbance of the censorship system caused by the spread of counter~media, including Mook. Reinforcement of censorship and replacement and repetition of flexibility were inevitable. This not only weakens the legitimacy of censorship and the effectiveness of socio~cultural control, but also leads to a total catastrophe of Cold War censorship that has been accumulated for a long time. The point that typically reveals all of these processes is the way of existence of banned book. The main method of publication censorship at the time was media control using the publisher registration system and the presentation system. It was a strategy to collapse the socio~cultural foundation of text production. As a result, the golden age of the book arrives. In particular, with the withdrawal of the appeasement phase in 1985, public security agencies are leading the publication censorship, and the number of serious slip of the pen and judicial benefits the enemy books increases rapidly. It was a copy of the colonial publication police system. It was a process to expand the scope for the comprehensive arbitrariness of the public security authorities to be fully involved in disturbing publications. Since then, publishing control has shifted toward intensively crushing the latter anti~establishment based on the separatism of the democratization movement and the class movement by reducing and concentrating the instability in the final confrontation structure of the Cold War ideological war with radical revolutionary theory and radical leftist thinking theory books. The trend has been expanded and strengthened since 1987. At the center of the process of conservatively reorganizing the censorship system of the Sixth Republic, the existence of the National Security Law and the publishing police system of public security agencies existed. In short, the mass production of forbidden books in the 1980s was a product of the times when the objective conditions of the quantitative expansion of publications intersected by the indiscriminate designation of prohibited books due to the difference in the criteria for judging left~wing and publication by censors, the surge in judicial transfer books due to the revival of the publishing police system, and the intended anti~censorship of publishing entities in response. This ambivalence of prohibition and diversity in production channels serve as a useful reference point for understanding the cultural history of contemporary books.