반공주의와 검열 그리고 문학

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to study the systems and the aspects of the literature censorship throughout the relationship of anti-communism, censorship, and literature. Censorship aims at the internalization of censorship as well as the violent suppression as the systematic device for reproducing stable control organization effectively. It is used systematic-ally and officially in various ways. After the liberation from Japan, the two-mechanism of ideology and national security law-complemented each other in Korean society, as a result, censorship was conducted all over the society as the form of violence. Thus the freedom of idea, conscience, and expression meant to accept and obey ultra-rightists anti-communism system or to cooperate in the system. Under this system, literature had to be censored several times for going into the society. The formal and informal censorships like internalized self-censorship by punishment-temptation system, censorship of media, censorship acted by private autonomous organizations, the violence of suppressive govern-mental organizations and so on were conducted in all the process of production, distribution, enjoyment of literature. And the only literary works passing through censorship could be accepted as lawful publications. The very things to show most the violence of censorship in literate are prohibited books and serious slip of the pen. The prohibited books have been made constantly since the liberation from Japan. This shows that censorship was done to effectively achieve the political purpose rather than to prevent leftist powers from spreading, when considering the historical situation of the formation of ultra-rightists of anti-communism system in 1948 and the perfect destruction of leftist powers. More directly censored serious slip of the pen not only showed the guideline of lawful expression but also made people recognize anew how literature against dominant ideology was oppressed. It led to forced selection and, at least, passive same opinion by silence. In other words, the serious slip of the pen was the most effective device to censor literature.