신라 상고기 즉위의례와 유학

Abstract

A coffin-facing enthronement ceremony (柩前卽位儀禮) is a set of formal acts for indicating stable succession to the throne based on proclamation of the crown prince. This ceremony, which was derived from a Chinese enthronement ceremony, reflects ideological willingness for achieving the Confucian rule of virtue as shown in its beginning process where Three Excellencies (三公) informed the crown prince about the section of the As the coffin-facing enthronement ceremony was described in the will (遺 詔) of King Munmu who wasexisting studies analyzed that a Chinese enthronement ceremony was implemented from the period of King Munmu. However, the action of King Munmu, who adopted the coffin-facing enthronement ceremony, only indicates that he showed exceptional expectations and affection for the crown prince, who was expected to succeed to the throne. In other words, the will of King Munmu is no more than a historical record that reflects the situation where the crown prince stably succeeded to the throne by carrying on the long-cherished desire (遺志) of the previous king. Thus, it is difficult to affirm that the will of King Munmu serves as a proof for the first implementation of a Chinese enthronement ceremony in the Korean peninsula from the era of King Munmu. This study analyzes that an adjusted enthronement ceremony from an existing traditional enthronement ceremony took place in Silla when the ideology of Confucianism began spreading in this kingdom due to the influence of China. Before the era of King Namul, succession to the throne was performed mainly by selection of the following king by retainers. In addition, Beolhyu of Silla, was called a saint (聖人) because he exhibited a capability of predicting good or bad harvest by foretelling the weather. As indicated these cases, Confucian aspects were not emphasized in the processes of evaluating the qualifications of the king in Silla before the era of King Namul. Then, after King Namul ascended to the throne, the kings of Silla began performing an enthronement ceremony affected by the Chinese enthronement ceremony and ruling their kingdom under the Confucian influence. For example, King Namul granted a position (職) to people who showed their outstanding devotion to their parents and affection for their siblings. He also reduced the tax (租調) on fields and implemented a special amnesty system (曲赦) for criminals which was applied in a specific region. King Soji, granted a pardon (大赦) to criminals and official ranks (賜爵) to those designated for these ranks in the first year of his accession to the throne, as done in China. It was also found that King Beopheung, was named Yuanzi (元子, the first son) before ascending to the throne and that he came to the throne in Jageukjijeon (紫極之殿, the palace with the king’s throne). These historical records serve as grounds for verifying that King Namul and the Silla kings who followed him implemented an enthronement ceremony that reflected the Confucian rule of virtue.