영⋅정조시대의 불교와 한양

Abstract

Joseon Dynasty put forward the national management principle of worshiping Confucianism and suppressing Buddhism, but the early kings continued the buddhist tradition and culture centered on the temples in Seoul. On Buddha's birthday, the streets of Seoul were filled with lotus lanterns, centered on Heung-cheonsa Temple, Heung-boksa Temple, Ji-cheonsa Temple, and Heung-deoksa Temple. In addition, during national crises such as drought or epidemics, buddhist rites were held at temples to pray for rain, amphibious rites, parading sutras, and to ward off disasters. However, the prevalence of Hanyang Buddhism did not exceed 100 years. Starting with Ji-cheonsa Temple, all temples in Seoul disappeared after the Yeon-sangun Dynasty(1494-1506). Buddhist rites such as prayer for rain, Suryukjae, parading sutras, and lotus lanterns that were performed based on temples all disappeared. The disappearance of temples in Seoul continued for nearly 400 years until the end of the 19th century. This article aims to examine the aspects of Buddhism in Seoul during the reigns of King Yeong-jo(1724-1776) and King Jeong-jo(1776-1800), when these temples disappeared. First of all, I understood what Yeong⋅Jeongjo's stance was on Buddhist paper manufacturing in this era and various other compulsory labors. Next, Buddhism in the era of King Jeong-jo was examined through the buddhist books of the Kyujanggak and the establishment of Yongju-sa Temple. In addition, various aspects of buddhism in Seoul in the era when there were no temples were examined through various geography and map temples, buddhism observed by foreigners, and donation activities of Seoulites.