조선불교의 명암과 역사적 위상

Abstract

The Joseon Dynasty is often called the era of Buddhist persecution. Joseon's reformists began to hold the Buddhist community accountable for the corruption and incompetence of the late Goryeo regime and the subsequent fall of the state. The Buddhist persecution policy has been widespread and powerful since the beginning of its foundation. The government consolidated and abolished temples and removed Buddhist sects. And the land, slaves, and property owned by the temple were confiscated. This violent repression by kings and politicians was the first in history. The annihilation and fall of Buddhism means the disappearance of the traditions and culture of the Korean people. However, Buddhism, which has become a cultural tradition of the nation in its long history, has been maintained. Even in the midst of hardships, Buddhism carried out unique religious activities for the state. Buddhist monks believed that defending the nation against foreign aggression was the way to save the people. In addition, Buddhist rituals were in charge of the driving force of Joseon Buddhism. Buddhist rituals were not just rituals, but also contributed to spreading the economic foundation and cultural soil of Joseon Buddhism. Today, most of the temples' pavilions, Buddha statues, and Buddhist paintings have the appearance of the Joseon Dynasty. In addition to tangible culture, almost all intangible cultures such as faith and rituals are heritage of the Joseon Dynasty. Based on these various data and research results, this article found the status of Joseon Buddhism in the era of Buddhist persecution in the righteous monks(seunggun) and Buddhist rituals. Their performance was enough to impress Joseon, and they were eventually revered as the official great men of the country. This is the moment when the value of Joseon Buddhism was finally recognized.