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증거기반 정책결정과 절차적 정의 ― 에너지 전환과 기후변화영향평가를 중심으로 ―

Evidence-Based Policymaking and Procedural Justice - The Case of Energy Transition and Climate Change Impact Assessment -

최지현
한국환경법학회 (Korean Environmental Law Association)|2021.04|환경법연구 (Environmental Law Review)|제43권 제1호|pp. 137-170|DOI 10.35769/elr.2021.43.1.005

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키워드

절차적 정의procedural justice에너지 전환탄소의 사회적 비용social cost of carbonclimate change impact assessmentenergy transition증거기반 정책결정Evidence-based policymaking기후변화영향평가
주제분류법학

초록

에너지 전환이라는 현대 다원주의 사회가 직면한 난제에 대해 설득력 있고 효과적이면서도 민주적 정당성을 구비한 해법을 모색하기 위하여는 과학적 증거에 기한 정책 결정 절차가 필수적이다. 본고는 에너지 전환 정책의 목표 설정과 수단의 선택에 있어 일응의 기준이 되어 온 기존의 기후변화영향평가제와 그 요소인 탄소의 사회적 비용의 평가 방법과 한계에 대한 검토를 통해 기존 정책의 절차적 정당성 측면에서의 문제점을 짚어본다. 과학적 증거에 기반한 비용편익분석의 규범적 기능과 사회적 설득기능에 주목하며, 기후변화로 인한 영향을 정책 목표 및 수단 선택에 반영하기 위해 결정되어야 할 규범적 요소에 대해 검토하고, 나아가 에너지 전환 정책을 중심으로 증거기반 정책결정 원칙의 실현 요소를 모색한다.

Abstract

In finding a persuasive and effective solution to the conundrum of energy transition faced by modern pluralist society faces, a policymaking process based on scientific evidence is essential. This paper examines the problems of existing climate change impact assessment systems and their procedural legitimacy by exploring the methodological limitation of assessing the social cost of carbon, a core element of climate change impact assessment. In addressing the normative and persuasive function of the cost-benefit analysis based on scientific evidence, the paper both defines the normative factors that must be determined in order to reflect the impact of climate change in setting the policy goals and selecting policy instruments, and develops the core elements of the evidence-based policymaking principle for energy transition.

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