북한 핵문제 전개과정과 해결방안

Abstract

Though more than two decades have passed since the U.S. and North Korea agreed on the Geneva Agreed Framework in October 1994, the North Korean nuclear issue has become more difficult to be resolved than before. In spite of international sanctions, North Korea has implemented three nuclear test explosions and successfully launched long-range missiles. The North Korean young leader, Kim Jung Un, declared a parallel policy of economic and nuclear development at the same time. It is clear that North Korea has tried every efforts to miniaturize and possess various kinds of nuclear bombs. North Korean watchers in the U.S. warned in early this year that North Korea would hold more that 100 nuclear bombs and long-range missiles which can target the U.S. main land. North Korea successfully possessed nuclear and long-range missile capabilities by a strong political willingness of political leaders for more than two decades. The U.S. unfortunately could not focused on the North Korean nuclear issue due to the war of antiterrorism. Presidents Kim Dae Jung and Rho Mu Hyun, pursuing exchange and cooperation between the North and the South, believed that the North’s nuclear development as means to negotiate with the U.S. The Presidents Lee Myung Bak and Park Geun-hye did not have opportunities to talk with the North due to continuous military provocations by the North. China provided an opportunity for North Korea to evade international sanctions imposed on the North by utilizing the nuclear issue to enhance its strategic position vis-a-vis the U.S. After the Iranian nuclear negotiation reached an agreement, international community must pay attention to resolve the North Korea nuclear issue. President Obama’s policy of “strategic patience” may not resolve the North’s nuclear enigma. The North Korean nuclear program will increase instability and nuclear domino in the region. Therefore, international community must make every effort to denuclearize the North with such various measures as sanctions and pressure, political and economic support and compensation, measures to induce the North toward reform and openness, and so forth.