Towards Routine Clinical Use of Radial Stack-of-Stars 3D Gradient-Echo Sequences for Reducing Motion Sensitivity
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Purpose : To describe how a robust implementation of a radial 3D gradient-echo sequence with stack-of-stars samplingcan be achieved, to review the imaging properties of radial acquisitions, and to share the experience from more than5000 clinical patient scans. Materials and Methods: A radial stack-of-stars sequence was implemented and installed on 9 clinical MR systems operatingat 1.5 and 3 Tesla. Protocols were designed for various applications in which motion artifacts frequently pose a problemwith conventional Cartesian techniques. Radial scans were added to routine examinations without selection of specificpatient cohorts. Results: Radial acquisitions show significantly lower sensitivity to motion and allow examinations during free breathing. Elimination of breath-holding reduces failure rates for non-compliant patients and enables imaging at higher resolution. Residual artifacts appear as streaks, which are easy to identify and rarely obscure diagnostic information. The improvedrobustness comes at the expense of longer scan durations, the requirement for fat suppression, and the nonexistence of atime-to-center value. Care needs to be taken during the configuration of receive coils. Conclusion: Routine clinical use of radial stack-of-stars sequences is feasible with current MR systems and may serve assubstitute for conventional fat-suppressed T1-weighted protocols in applications where motion is likely to degrade theimage quality
Abstract
Purpose : To describe how a robust implementation of a radial 3D gradient-echo sequence with stack-of-stars samplingcan be achieved, to review the imaging properties of radial acquisitions, and to share the experience from more than5000 clinical patient scans. Materials and Methods: A radial stack-of-stars sequence was implemented and installed on 9 clinical MR systems operatingat 1.5 and 3 Tesla. Protocols were designed for various applications in which motion artifacts frequently pose a problemwith conventional Cartesian techniques. Radial scans were added to routine examinations without selection of specificpatient cohorts. Results: Radial acquisitions show significantly lower sensitivity to motion and allow examinations during free breathing. Elimination of breath-holding reduces failure rates for non-compliant patients and enables imaging at higher resolution. Residual artifacts appear as streaks, which are easy to identify and rarely obscure diagnostic information. The improvedrobustness comes at the expense of longer scan durations, the requirement for fat suppression, and the nonexistence of atime-to-center value. Care needs to be taken during the configuration of receive coils. Conclusion: Routine clinical use of radial stack-of-stars sequences is feasible with current MR systems and may serve assubstitute for conventional fat-suppressed T1-weighted protocols in applications where motion is likely to degrade theimage quality
참고문헌 (35)
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