죽음 앞에 선 레지스탕스 ― 독일강점기 프랑스의 피총살자 서한들 ―
Resistance in the Face of Death — Letters by les Fusillés in Nazi-occupied France —
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This article attempts to analyze the last letters written just before their execution by the executed for the resistance activities in Nazi-occupied France. These letters were published in seven volumes of Collections of Letters by les Fusillés from the Liberation to the present including 315 letters by 237 fusillés. These 21th century collections consisting of much more letters than the earlier collections were characterized by a lesser portion of communist-written letters. The portrait of an average letter writer was a communist male worker in his 20s from Paris and its environs, but men of different age groups, trades, regions and political views wrote the last letters to their parents, brothers, sisters, wives, sons, daughters, friends, etc. The slogan they shouted most frequently at the end of their letters was “Long live France!”, and the most commonly found phrase in them was “Keep it up.” They worried about and consoled the others left behind rather than regretted their own fate and trembled in the face of death. Their letters not only showed positions and attitudes of the fusillés right before their execution, but also became the historical sources that testified the repressive measures of the occupation authorities and the French police such as torture, detention, etc.
Abstract
This article attempts to analyze the last letters written just before their execution by the executed for the resistance activities in Nazi-occupied France. These letters were published in seven volumes of Collections of Letters by les Fusillés from the Liberation to the present including 315 letters by 237 fusillés. These 21th century collections consisting of much more letters than the earlier collections were characterized by a lesser portion of communist-written letters. The portrait of an average letter writer was a communist male worker in his 20s from Paris and its environs, but men of different age groups, trades, regions and political views wrote the last letters to their parents, brothers, sisters, wives, sons, daughters, friends, etc. The slogan they shouted most frequently at the end of their letters was “Long live France!”, and the most commonly found phrase in them was “Keep it up.” They worried about and consoled the others left behind rather than regretted their own fate and trembled in the face of death. Their letters not only showed positions and attitudes of the fusillés right before their execution, but also became the historical sources that testified the repressive measures of the occupation authorities and the French police such as torture, detention, etc.
참고문헌 (17)
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