羅唐戰爭의 전개와 報德國

Abstract

This study set out to examine the conflicts between Silla and Tang and their progress around the forces of the Goguryeo Restoration Movement during the Silla-Tang War. In 670, Silla occupied the highlands of Baekje in full scale and started to support the forces of the Goguryeo Restoration Movement. Tang expressed its complaints about these moves of Silla that occupied the highlands of Baekje with Ahn Seung as Oiwon by sending “Seoringuiseo”. In its reply “Dapseoringuiseo”, Silla insisted on the legitimacy of its occupation of Baekje's highlands and stated that it engaged in no acts to betray Tang. The comparison of “Seoringuiseo” and “Dapseoringuiseo” in terms of content shows that “Silla's acts to betray Tang”, which stirred a diplomatic controversy in Silla-Tang relations, concerned the alliance between Silla and the forces of the Goguryeo Restoration Movement in those days. In the Seokmun Battle that happened in a highland of Goguryeo in 672, however, Silla not only suffered a huge defeat, but also had its alliance with the forces of the Goguryeo Restoration Movement exposed to Tang. Silla dispatched an envoy to Tang and apologized for its alliance with the forces of the Goguryeo Restoration Movement. In 674, Tang removed King Munmu from office and declared an attack to Silla under the cause of Bodeokguk, which involves the fact that “Silla accepted the forces of the Goguryeo Restoration Movement and had them guard the land of Baekje.” Bodeokguk inherited the system and ancestral ceremonies of Goguryeo, and Ahn Seung was installed as a king of Goguryeo. As a result, Goguryeo was restored in reality. Tang must have looked out for the restoration of Goguryeo that it targeted over many years. In 675, Silla dispatched an envoy to Tang for an apology, right after which King Munmu's office was restored. However, Bodeokguk remained. There were several battles between Silla and Tang until the Gibeolpo Battle in 676. The academic circles have believed that Silla's occupation of Baekje's highlands led to Tang's attack of Silla. The present study found out that the conflicts between Silla and Tang escalated gradually over the forces of the Goguryeo Restoration Movement during the Silla-Tang War and that Tang declared a full-scale war against Silla under the pretext of Bodeokguk in 674. At that time, Tang did not ensure its stable rule over the highlands in the Tibetan Empire and Goguryeo. Despite it, Tang was hasty to attack Silla because of Bodeokguk. Previous studies on the Silla-Tang War examined the conflicts between Silla and Tang over the highlands of Baekje in the military aspect. The present study looked into diplomatic facts, as well, including diplomatic documents and the dispatch of an envoy to Tang for an apology. The study is expected to provide a new understanding and perspective of the Silla-Tang War.