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초등교사의 지리 교과 지식에 대한 국제 학술 논의의 의미에 관한 현상학적 분석

A Phenomenological Analysis of the International Discussions on Primary School Teachers’ Geography Subject Knowledge

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류지리학

초록

본 연구의 목적은 초등교사의 지리 교과 지식에 대한 국제적인 학술 논의의 의미를 분석하는데 있다. 이를위해서 Journal of Geography, International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, Journal of Geography in Higher Education에 1999-2018년간 게재된, 초등교사의 지리 교과 지식에 관한 내용을 다룬 34편의 논문들을 연구대상으로 수집하였다. 연구대상 논문들에 수록된 논문들이 초등교사의 지리 교과 지식에 대해서 논의한 구절, 문장, 문단 등을 van Manen 현상학을 활용하여 분석하였다. 이를 통해서 초등교사의 지리 교과 지식에 대한 학문적 논의의 의미를 설명할 수 있는 4개의 주제를 도출하였으며, 구체적인 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 초등교사들은 지리교육의 의미와 필요성을 기본적으로 인식하였고 기초적인 지식도 어느 정도 갖추고 있기도 하였으나, 지리 교사교육이나 초등학교의 교육환경, 교육정책 등과 관련된 문제로 인하여 효과적인 지리 수업에 요청되는 심층적인 지리 개념이나 절차적 지식 등을 충분하게 갖추고 있지 못한 경우도 적지 않다고 지적되었다(주제 1). 둘째, 초등교사의 정확하고 깊이있는 지리 교과 지식은 지리 수업의 효과와 성취도, 아동의 지리적 사고력과 안목 형성은물론, 통합교육 및 시민성교육과 관련해서도 중요성이 높다고 알려졌다(주제 2). 셋째, 초등교사는 정확하고 시의적절한 지리 개념 및 절차적 지식, 지리학 고유의 지식 구조 및 기능에 대한 지식, 지리학의 핵심개념에 대한 지식등을 충실하게 갖출 필요가 있다는 논의를 확인할 수 있었다(주제 3). 넷째, 초등교사들에게 효과적인 초등지리수업의 계획 및 실천에 필요한 지리 교과 지식을 길러주기 위한 교사교육 방안이 모색·실천될 필요가 있으며, 답사 지리 고유의 지식 구조나 논리 체계와 밀접하게 관련되는 교육활동은 이와 관련하여 특히 많은 의의와 가능성을 가진다고 논의되었다(주제 4). 분석결과는 우리나라 초등지리교육의 개선 및 발전에 요청되는 초등교사 양성및 교육 방안의 모색, 초등지리교육 및 사회과교육 학술연구의 방향성 탐색 등에 의미있는 시사점을 제공할 수있으리라고 기대된다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze how geography education research articles discuss primary school teachers’ geography subject knowledge (GSK). This study examined 34 geography education research articles on primary school teachers’ GSK that were published between 1999 and 2018 in Journal of Geography, International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, and Journal of Geography in Higher Education. The detailed and contextual meanings of the sentences, phrases, and passages that discussed primary school teachers’ GSK were analyzed using van Manen phenomenology. As a result, the study identified the following four themes to explain the academic significance of primary school teachers’ GSK. First, primary school teachers have basic GSK that tended to be fragmented and factual rather than highly conceptualized and procedural because of the problems with primary school teacher education, primary school education, and educational policy. Second, primary school teachers’ accurate and in-depth GSK have a meaningful influence on the efficacy of primary school geography teaching, the cultivation of a child’s geographical thinking and perspective, and integrated citizenship education. Third, primary school teachers should have accurate and relevant knowledge of geography concepts and procedures, knowledge of geography-specific logic and skills, and an understanding regarding the core concepts of geography. Fourth, effective, concrete, and geography-oriented primary school teacher education methods to cultivate teachers’ GSK and understanding of the core concepts and logic of geography, such as geography fieldwork, strongly required. The results of this study are expected to provide meaningful suggestions about the development of primary school teacher education methods to improve primary school teachers’ GSK and the direction of primary school geography and social studies education research.

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