체르노빌 이후의 글쓰기 – 크리스타 볼프의 『원전사고』와 스베틀라나 알렉시예비치의 『체르노빌의 목소리』연구

Abstract

This paper analyzes the works of two female writers from an ecological point of view: The German author Christa Wolfe's 『Störfall』 and Russian writer Svetlana Alexievich's 『Voices from Chernobyl. The Oral History of a Nuclear Disaster』 have various similarities on subjects except for the formal differences between fiction and non-fiction. However, the two works share many similarities. First, it is described in terms of social weak people and women. Second, they criticize the old systems of East Germany and Russia and criticize history and power structures. Third, although the literary sensibility and language have been lost, by overcoming the limitations of existing literature, we are warning of excessive technological advancements and try to design a new future. The Chernobyl disaster was a nightmare that threatened the existence of mankind and it was a collective remembered “cultural trauma”. In the face of this devastating disaster, writers lost all their sensibility and language of expressing reality. Wolf, for example, describes the sense of language loss as “I didn't understand how people could write poems about the sun before, and what's more, how beautiful the sun was”. Furthermore, literature faced the inability to do anything for society. Despite these literary limitations, however, Wolf and Alexievich remember and record Chernobyl in their own style and style. This is because they believe that through death they should reflect on the meaning of life and liberty, recall the experience of war and dream of peace. So they are strongly warning the future of society through the literary embodiment of Chernobyl, and set up memory and trauma in the laboratory of literature again.