지각기술훈련이 유소년 축구선수의 의사결정능력에 미치는 효과 검증
Verification of the Effects of Perception Skill Training on the Decision Making Ability of Youth Soccer Players
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 지각기술훈련이 유소년 축구선수의 의사결정 능력에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 것이다. 연구대 상은 5년 이상의 선수 경력과 유소년 축구 대회 우승 경험이 있는 유소년 축구선수 24명으로 지각기술훈련 집 단(명제적 학습, 암묵적 학습)과 통제 집단으로 구분하여 실험에 참여하였다. 명제적 집단은 패스에서 가장 중 요시되는 거리, 각도, 타이밍을 If-Then 방식으로 코치들의 언어적 설명으로 훈련하였고, 암묵적 집단은 거리, 각도, 타이밍의 중요한 단서를 언어적 설명 없이 시각적 영상 기법을 활용하여 훈련하였다. 실험은 사전검사, 지각기술훈련, 사후검사 순으로 진행되었고, 과제는 스크린에 제시되는 다양한 공격 전술 상황 영상을 보고 공 격수와 수비수의 움직임을 파악하여 결정적인 골 찬스를 만들 수 있다고 생각되는 순간에 가능한 한 빠르고 정 확하게 버튼을 누르는 것이다. 이 과정에서 나타난 피험자의 의사결정 능력은 의사결정에 소요된 시간과 정확 성으로 나누어 분석하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지각기술훈련 집단의 의사결정 시간은 통제 집단 에 비해 사후검사에서 감소하였다. 둘째, 지각기술훈련 집단의 의사결정 정확성은 통제 집단에 비해 향상되었 다. 또한, 명제적 학습과 비교하여 암묵적 학습 방법에서 보다 낮은 시간, 높은 정확성이 나타났다. 이는 지각기 술훈련이 의사결정 능력 향상에 긍정적 효과가 있고, 명제적 학습보다 암묵적 학습이 효과적임을 의미한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of perception skill training on the decision making ability in youth soccer players. 24 participants who have experience in winning youth soccer competition, participated. They were divided into three groups: explicit learning group, implicit learning group, and control group. All participants watched video clips that showed several different kind of attack situations frequently occurred during soccer games. The participants for the explicit learning group were received a verbal feedback(IF-Than) by a expert and for the implicit learning group, had a perception skill training visually provided important clues using video graphic processing techniques. The results of this study were as follow. First, the decision making time, compared to the pre-test, was decreased in the post-test for both the explicit and implicit groups. Secondly, the accuracy of decision making, for both the explicit and implicit groups, was significantly improved after the perceptual skills training, however it was not for the control group. Particularly, the implicit learning group showed greater improvement for the accuracy than the explicit learning group. This implies that the perceptual skill training is effective in improving the decision making ability and more over the implicit learning is more effective than the implicit learning.
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