해방기를 중심으로 한 안함광의 리얼리즘과 시 비평 고찰

Abstract

The Criticism of Ahn Ham-gwang is characterized by its logical coherence despite a little revision. This treatise deals with his literary theory of realism centering around the period of Liberation His realism is not out of touch with reality. As a realism theorist, he based the reality upon scientific method in order to surmount the theory void of logicality. He viewed revolutionary romanticism as being relevant to the imminent reality. He also saw that refined realism in itself partakes of revolutionary romanticism based upon the realities of life. The word of 'life' is seen most frequently in his critical essays. He commanded the term in its various aspects, by which he did not merely mean simple material conditions. Although he used the term chiefly in the light of a reflection of social life depending upon material conditions, yet he also did it in the light of practical aspects of embodying ideas. When it comes to the popularization of literature, he did not deny the proper proposition, 'write in plain language'; nevertheless, he emphasized that plain writing alone does not make possible popularization of literature and that it is made possible in fully portraying what the mass of people think, feel, and live. What Ahn said during the period of KAPF[Korea Artista Proleta Federatio]- Only when "material conditions (realistic strata) are reasonably integrated into the ground of the life of an author," can the author display his/her abilities to the full. - was much more incorporated during the period of Liberation. By material conditions Ahn means the changeful infrastructure of the contemporary North Korea; by the ground of the life of an author he means the basis of the livlihood of laborers and peasants. The discussion on proletarian literature of about the year 1949 changed to the discussion based on socialist realism including its typicality and partisanship. It was argued that proletarian literature must reflect the life of the mass of people on the premise of the emphasis of class-consciousness of art and the reinforcement of loyalty to the Party. Ahn's criticism on poetry requires poets to have scientific outlook, which features the critic Ahn as a materialist to the bone. At this point, his assertion is one of the elements that realize the basic proposition of realism that poetry should be based upon the actual life. The criticism on poetry of the period of Liberation is significant in that it poignantly refuted the 'bony poems' making propaganda for social reform and denied the literature as a mere tool of ideology. The request of distinguished poetry writing with ideology through truth of identity can be safely said to make it meaningful to study the poetry of the period of Liberation.