인터넷 중독의 병인학적 요인
Etiologic Factors of Internet Addiction
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인터넷 중독의 개념과 진단 기준에 관한 논쟁이 계속되고 있음에도 불구하고, 인터넷 중독은 내적인 충동과 욕구에 저항하지 못하는 일종의 충동 조절 장애로서 금단 현상과 내성이 발생하여 개인적으로는 신체적ㆍ정신적 이상 현상을 경험하게 하고, 사회적으로는 막대한 사회적ㆍ경제적 폐해를 초래하는 일종의 심각한 사회적 문제로 인식되고 있다. 인터넷 중독은 자기 조절과 자기 배려의 실패에서 유래하는 명백한 자기 파괴적인 행동이므로 그 자체로 하나의 심각한 도덕적 문제이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 윤리학 및 도덕교육 학계에서는 인터넷 중독에 대한 학문적인 관심과 노력을 크게 기울이지 않았다. 이에 이 논문에서는 인터넷 중독과 관련된 최근의 문헌 분석을 통하여, 인터넷 중독의 병인학적 요인을 분석하고, 그것이 도덕 교과에서의 인터넷 중독 예방을 위한 교수ㆍ학습 활동에 주는 시사점이 무엇인지를 밝히고자 하였다.
Abstract
Although the concept of Internet addiction is still evolving and debated, researchers seem to agree that it is a kind of impulse control disorder with toleration and withdrawal, and causes distress or impairs functioning in important life domains. As with most addictive behaviors, a range of psychological and behavioral theories has been proposed to explain the very cause of Internet addiction. Thus, the purpose of this article is to review the up-to-date academic investigations on Internet addiction. It is divided into three major sections. The introduction section gives an overview of the definitions, subtypes, and consequences of Internet addiction. The second section reviews four etiologic factor models such as cognitive behavioral theory, compensation theory, escape from self theory, and neuropsychological model on Internet addiction. The third section considers effective and potential guidelines for preventing Internet addiction in the domain of moral education.
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