국내 간호학 분야에 사용되는 스트레스 대처 도구에 대한 체계적 문헌고찰
A Systematic Review of the Stress-Coping Scales Used in Korean Nursing
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연구배경: 국내 간호현장에서 사용하는 스트레스 대처 척도의 특성을 비교하기 위해 측정도구의 종류와 특성, 사용빈도, 대상 스트레스, 대상 집단, 대처 결과를 분석하였다. 방법: DBpia, Korea citation index, Korean studies information sharing service, Korean medical database, National discovery for science leaders, KoreaMed, National assemble library, National library of Korea 데이터베이스에서 2009년부터 2018년까지 한국에서 발표된 스트레스 대처 및 간호관련 논문을 검색하였다. 검색된 총 1,666건의 논문 중 원문을 검토하고 중복을 제외하고 연구 목적에 부합하는 59건을최종 선정하였다. 결과: 국내 간호 현장에서 사용되는 6가지 스트레스 대처척도를 확인하였다. 가장 많이 사용된 것은 ways of coping (WCQ)이었다. 대부분의 연구는 간호대학생을 대상으로 하였고 환자, 간호사, 간병인이 그 뒤를 이었다. 스트레스 유형으로는 업무 스트레스, 건강 스트레스, 임상실습관련 스트레스 순으로 많았다. WCQ를 사용한 연구들을 2차 분석한결과 48.5%가 개별 대처 방법에 대한 도구 결과를 해석한것으로 나타났다. 결론: 스트레스 대처 척도를 사용할 때 연구자는 연구의특성을 고려하여 검증된 도구를 사용하고, 결과를 해석하는데 있어서 주의가 필요하다
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare the stress-coping measurement scales used in the nursing field in South Korea through a literature review based on the types of tools assessed, their characteristics, frequency of use, target stress, target population, and coping outcomes. Methods: The data base periodical information academic, Korea citation index, Korean studies information sharing service, Korean medical database, National discovery for science leaders, KoreaMed, National assemble library, and National library of Korea databases were searched for articles related to coping with stress and nursing published between 2009 and 2018 in South Korea. Of the total 1,666 articles searched, 59 articles that were aligned with the study purpose were finally selected after reviewing the original texts and excluding duplicates. Results: The study identified six stress-coping scales used by Korean nurses, among which the ways of coping (WCQ) was the most frequently used. Most of the studies involved nursing students, followed by patients and health workers (nurses and caregivers). Regarding the types of stress, the WCQ was used the most by studies on work-related and daily living stress, followed by those focusing on health-related stress and clinical practice stress. Secondary analysis of WCQ usage showed that 48.5% of the studies interpreted the scale results for individual coping methods, and the remaining 45.5% interpreted the results based on the overall score. Conclusions: Researchers need to appropriately use and interpret the results of scales that have been translated into Korean and validated for each situation and participant.
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