초등학생의 음악줄넘기 프로그램 참여가 BMI에 따른 체격, 체조성 및 체력에 미치는 영향

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a jump rope program with music for 12 weeks on physique, body composition and physical strength by dividing the 37 elementary school students into normal weight group, overweight group, and underweight group. The jump rope program with music was conducted twice a week, for 50 minutes per session with the intensity of 40~50% HRR(RPE 11~12) for 1~4weeks, 50~60% HRR(RPE 13~14) for 5~8weeks, and 60~70% HRR(RPE 14~15) for 9~12weeks. Two-way repeated measure ANOVA was used to verify the time-period interaction among the normal weight group, the overweight group, and the underweight group, and a paired t-test was performed for the differences in the group. The results of comparative analysis using one-way ANOVA for group differences and scheffe for post-test are as follows. 1. Changes of Physique. Among the physique factors, chest circumference and thigh circumference showed an interaction effect between time × groups, and height, weight, chest circumference, thigh circumference, and calf circumference in normal weight group(excluding waist circumference), overweight group, and underweight group in the group significantly increased. In the analysis of differences among the groups, chest circumference and thigh circumference significantly increased in the amount of change after 12 weeks of exercise. As a result of post-Hoc test, the chest circumference was increased in the overweight group, normal weight group, and underweight group in order, and in the thigh circumference, the overweight group was higher than the normal weight group and underweight group. 2. Change of Body composition. Among the body composition factors, the visceral fat level and InBody score showed an interaction effect between the period × groups. Within the group, normal weight group(skeletal muscle mass, visceral fat level, InBody score, basal metabolic rate, BMI), overweight group(body fat mass, visceral fat level, BMI, body fat percentage), underweight group(skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, InBody score, basal metabolic rate, BMI) was significantly increased. Difference analysis among groups showed significant differences in visceral fat level and InBody score in the amount of change after 12 weeks of exercise. As a result of post-Hoc test, the overweight group was higher than the underweight group in the visceral fat level, and the normal weight group was higher than the overweight group and the unedrweight group in the InBody score. 3. Change of Physical fitness. Among the health fitness factors, the interaction effect between periods and groups was show in long-distance running, and the upper body roll, grip strength, long-distance jumping, and long-distance running were significantly increased in the normal, overweight, and low-weight groups. The difference analysis among the groups showed a significant difference in the amount of change after 12 weeks of exercise, and as a result of post-test, under weight group was higher than the normal weight group. Summarizing the results of this study, the 12-week jump rope with music program has a positive effect on changes in physique, body composition, and physical fitness in the normal, overweight, and underweight group. In particular, the fact that a positive effect on the overweight and underweight group is that jump rope with music program is an appropriate exercise for elementary school students in the growing stage. In elementary school, growth and development occur simultaneously, so if there is a problem in one side, it can have a negative effect on the other. Therefore, for balanced growth, it is important to have an educational awareness of jump rope with music in daily life. Although the negative effect of flexibility among physical factors is a characteristic of the developmental period of elementary school students, if a program to improve flexibility with various techniques of jump rope with music is developed, it will be the most necessary exercise during the growth period of elementary school students.