“V得比较句”中“比Y”的移位问题考察

Abstract

This study analyzed the movement of ‘Bi(比)Y’ in ‘V-De(得)-BiJiaoJu(比较句)’ of the modern Chinese with syntactic, semantic, pragmatic approach，based on the theory of construction grammar which means every construction has each individual meaning. First, as for conclusion analyzed by syntactic, semantic, pragmatic method when ‘biY’ can move to the front or the rear of ‘Vde’. Syntactic features is summarized as follows. the movement of ‘biY’ not only have a decisive effect on the change of existing component of sentence, but also make a difference in the comparison degree. Semantic features is summarized as follows. ‘X+biY+Vde+W’ has [+perfect], [+dynamic], [+all], [-objective]. ‘X+Vde+biY+W’ has [+perfect], [-dynamic], [-all], [+objective]. Pragmatic features is summarized as follows. ‘biY’ in ‘X+biY+Vde+W’ can be ‘Topic’ in sentence by other ‘bi-zi-ju’ structure, can also be old information. ‘biY’ in ‘X+Vde+biY+W’ is able to be component of degree complement, ‘focus’ and new information. Therefore, these two constructions are different. Next, as regards difference between two constructions when ‘biY’ can not move to the front or the rear of ‘Vde’ is as follows. If an adjectival phrase of comparison result in the statement phrase can not only describe properties and state on things, but also express the state which the comparison subject does action then something happened, the comparison object doesn't need to do ‘V(action)’. Therefore in this case, it is used mainly with ‘X+Vde+biY+W’ construction，because two constructions(‘A-shi’&‘B-shi)’ are not virtually interchangeable. Therefore, this study shows ‘X+biY+Vde+W’ and ‘X+Vde+biY+W’ are different constructions.