俳諧と浮世草子の関係性 – 西鶴作品を中心に –

Abstract

It is well known that one of the most prominent features of the early modern Japanese literature is that it spread to the common people and that its contents became increasingly vulgar. However, even the most popular literary works of the early modern period is not regarded as proper teaching material in high schools. In this paper, I consider the literary value and potentiality of the opening of Ihara Saikaku’s Ukio‐zōshi masterpiece Kōshoku ichidai otoko when used as teaching material in university education. The textual structure of Kōshoku ichidai otoko is very complicated, and many keywords are deliberately omitted. Therefore, it is initially hard for students to understand the contents of Kōshoku ichidai otoko and enjoy the fun of it, but the key to the text is the influence of Haikai poetry popular at the time of its creation.In this paper, I show how Haikai was created with double context of "雅 (context or words quoted from classical works)"and "俗(vulgar context or colloquial words from the same time period) ". When both of these aspects are connected in Haikai, sentences are forcibly twisted, and words which play a key role are omitted intentionally, or we are forced to remember sentences or words of classical works hidden in the background of the poem. With that in mind, I showed that the sentences of Kōshoku ichidai otoko were composed by using the techniques and ideas of Haikai poetry, and showed the methods to interpret the elaborate sentences and how to enjoy them. By examining the similarities between Haikai poetry and Ukiyo‐zōshi concretely, we can know the characteristic of literary arts in the early modern period of Japan how it inherited preceding classics, processed them variously, and brought about new literary genres. These characteristics are well expressed in early Ukiyo‐zōshi of Saikaku. So it must be said that early Ukiyo‐zōshi is a splendid teaching material for getting to know the characteristic, the methods, the device, and the whereabouts of the laughter in the early modern literature of Japan.