現代日本語の動詞条件形の複合的な陳述副詞化 ― 副詞と「みれば」「みると」のくみあわせの場合 ―

Abstract

The phenomenon of mireba and miruto, the conditional forms of the verb miru that denote visual activity, deverbalized from verbs to postpositions like -karamireba and -karamiruto, a well-known development. In addition, mireba and miruto develop in compounds with adverbs, such as gengogakutekini mireba (from a linguistic point of view), to express the speaker’s evaluation and judgement based on available evidence. Although previous studies have briefly mentioned the existence of such adverbial expressions, their specific grammatical and semantic features have not been thoroughly investigated. This paper introduces the expressions formed by combining mireba or miruto with adverbs as ‘compound sentence adverbs’ and categorises them on the basis of their word formation and their semantic feature of indicating the speaker’s subjectivity. The aim of this paper is to examine the grammatical and semantic characteristics of these compound sentence adverbs. Grammatically, compound sentence adverbs, like other sentence adverbs, are primarily used in declarative sentences, but also extend their application to interrogative sentences and even relative clauses. Semantically, they represent various aspects of the speaker’s perspective and perception of a thing or event, such as synthesizing or generalizing individual features, broadening or narrowing the scope of perception, estimating future developments, or re-evaluating past events.