日本語母語話者による多義語「~ましょう(か)」の解釈の手がかりに関する一考察 – 人間関係と内容の負担度が与える影響 –

Abstract

In the case that a Japanese native speaker becomes listener, how does the listener correctly interpret the speaker’s utterance intention? This study examined whether Japanese native speakers would interpret the speaker’s utterance intention about by using the personal relationship between the speaker and the listener as a clue regarding “~ま しょう” and “~ましょ うか” in Japanese. The expression form of “~ましょう” that has a variety of using functions can affect the listener’s action depending on how the listener interprets. This study limited the personal relationships to hierarchical relationships in workplace and surveyed how the listeners would interpret in each these relationships with the following questions. Is there any difference in interpretation between “やりましょう”, “行きましょう”, in which the speaker and the listener can act together, and “つけましょう”, and “電話し ましょう” in which one of the speaker and the listener are expected to act? Does the presence or absence of “か” affect the listener’s interpretation? In any personal relationships, “やりましょう”, “行きましょう” were interpreted as “recommendation” where multiple people can act at the same time. “つけましょう”, “電話しま しょう” in which the action is limited to one person, were interpreted as “command” and “proposal” in the case the speaker is a superior. If the speaker and the listener are on an equal footing or the speaker is inferior, it was interpreted as “proposal (self -appropriation).” In addition, it was found that the rate of being interpreted as “proposal (self-appropriation)” increases regardless of the content or personal relationship by inserting “か”.