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The Mid-1960s in the Philippines: A Watershed for Socio-Political Change

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초록

본 소고는 1960년대 중반 필리핀의 정치, 사회적 변동을 고찰하고 현대 필리핀 정치사에 있어 그 변동의 의미를 해석하려는 시도이다. 이를 위해 본 소고는 첫째, 1960년대 중반 필리핀에서 발생한 정치, 사회적 변동의 현상을 고찰하고 이 변동의 정치, 이념적 함의를분석한다. 둘째, 본 소고는 이 같은 정치, 이념적 함의, 특히 정치화된 대중의 요구에 대해 주요 정치 지도자, 특히 1965년에 실시된대통령 선거의 주요 대선 주자 3인 (Macapacal, Manglapus,Marcos)이 선거 경합과정에서 필리핀의 국가와 사회의 미래를 위해 구상한 비전들, 즉 국가 중심적 비전 (state-centered vision)과사회 중심적 비전 (society-centered vision)을 분석한다. 끝으로 1965년 대선에서 Marcos의 승리는 상당부분 사회 중심적 비전을 강조한 Macapagal과 Manglapus와는 달리 대중이 원한국가 중심적 비전을 내세운 그의 선거 전략의 결과라고 주장한다. 이 시기를 기점으로 Marcos 통치 하 필리핀의 국가와 사회의 운용은 국가 중심적 비전이 대세를 이루는 가운데 결국 1972년부터1986년까지 Marcos의 장기 독재 정권으로 연결되었다. 이 같은 맥락에서 본 소고는 1960년대 중반을 필리핀 정치사의 한 분수령으로 해석한다.

참고문헌 (46)

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