문법적 성표지 선택에 미치는 맥락적 요소
Contextual factors determining the choice of grammatical gender marker
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This article is devoted to consideration of some contextual factors determining a choice of generic forms of nouns indicating a person. In particular, this article analysed the syntactic coordination of generic forms of nouns with adjectives, verbs, and the alternation of generic forms in a text. As a result of the analysis, it became clear that the syntactic coordination of generic forms is influenced by the contextual factors such as stylistic characteristics of a text and syntactic positions of adjectives, verbs. The preference is given to a formal coordination in an official style - the most conservative sphere of the use of language, and semantic coordination according to the actual sex of a referent is most common in colloquial and public styles. In particular, a verb comes into the semantic coordination with a noun-subject, but an adjective in the attributive position takes a generic form in accordance with the grammatical gender of a noun (formal coordination), and in the predicative position - with the actual sex of the referent (semantic coordination). As for the alternation of generic forms, it is necessary to take into account the referential (in)definiteness of the referent. It is necessary to give an objective and the general idea about referent at the first introduction of it in a text, and therefore the unmarked male form is selected. However, after acquisition of referential definiteness of the referent, there is an alternation of generic forms, i.e. the generic form of nouns is selected based on it's actual sex. In addition, alternation of generic forms is influenced by contextual factors such as the communicative focus of a speaker and a statement point. For example, if a stylistically marked lexical unit indicating a female person is used, a certain communicative intension of the speaker comes to the fore, and the semantic layer of the text becomes complicated.
Abstract
This article is devoted to consideration of some contextual factors determining a choice of generic forms of nouns indicating a person. In particular, this article analysed the syntactic coordination of generic forms of nouns with adjectives, verbs, and the alternation of generic forms in a text. As a result of the analysis, it became clear that the syntactic coordination of generic forms is influenced by the contextual factors such as stylistic characteristics of a text and syntactic positions of adjectives, verbs. The preference is given to a formal coordination in an official style - the most conservative sphere of the use of language, and semantic coordination according to the actual sex of a referent is most common in colloquial and public styles. In particular, a verb comes into the semantic coordination with a noun-subject, but an adjective in the attributive position takes a generic form in accordance with the grammatical gender of a noun (formal coordination), and in the predicative position - with the actual sex of the referent (semantic coordination). As for the alternation of generic forms, it is necessary to take into account the referential (in)definiteness of the referent. It is necessary to give an objective and the general idea about referent at the first introduction of it in a text, and therefore the unmarked male form is selected. However, after acquisition of referential definiteness of the referent, there is an alternation of generic forms, i.e. the generic form of nouns is selected based on it's actual sex. In addition, alternation of generic forms is influenced by contextual factors such as the communicative focus of a speaker and a statement point. For example, if a stylistically marked lexical unit indicating a female person is used, a certain communicative intension of the speaker comes to the fore, and the semantic layer of the text becomes complicated.
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