소비에트와 러시아연방의 민족어 정책 고찰: - 국가 정체성과의 관련성을 중심으로 -
Language Policy toward national languages in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation
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Language is a core element in the formation of national identity. Especially, a close connection between language and society exists in the history of Russia. This article is devoted to the consideration of the policies of the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation concerning national languages of ethnic societies. The Soviet Union and the Russian Federation are the multinational state, where ethnic questions are of particular relevance. Therefore they attached great importance to language policies. Today the government of the Russian Federation guarantees all its peoples the right to preserve their native languages and provides conditions for their studies and development. At the same time the government maintains the Russian language as a state language of the Russian Federation throughout its territory. In particular, the government considers the Russian language as an important factor of national security, believing that the strengthening of its status corresponds to the strategic interests of the state. Such a belief formed the basis of russian language policies, such as "On languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation", "Law on a state language of the Russian Federation" and the federal target programs "Russian 2001-2005", "Russian 2006-2010". These laws and programs, directed to the protection and development of language culture, establish Cyrillics as a graphic basis in all republics of the federation and give the Russian language status of official state language. In conclusion, the modern Russian language policies are characterized by two opposite directions of the soviet language policies, namely the one to ensure the equality of the national languages and the other to strive to Russify the rest of the nations.
Abstract
Language is a core element in the formation of national identity. Especially, a close connection between language and society exists in the history of Russia. This article is devoted to the consideration of the policies of the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation concerning national languages of ethnic societies. The Soviet Union and the Russian Federation are the multinational state, where ethnic questions are of particular relevance. Therefore they attached great importance to language policies. Today the government of the Russian Federation guarantees all its peoples the right to preserve their native languages and provides conditions for their studies and development. At the same time the government maintains the Russian language as a state language of the Russian Federation throughout its territory. In particular, the government considers the Russian language as an important factor of national security, believing that the strengthening of its status corresponds to the strategic interests of the state. Such a belief formed the basis of russian language policies, such as "On languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation", "Law on a state language of the Russian Federation" and the federal target programs "Russian 2001-2005", "Russian 2006-2010". These laws and programs, directed to the protection and development of language culture, establish Cyrillics as a graphic basis in all republics of the federation and give the Russian language status of official state language. In conclusion, the modern Russian language policies are characterized by two opposite directions of the soviet language policies, namely the one to ensure the equality of the national languages and the other to strive to Russify the rest of the nations.
참고문헌 (19)
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