독일 언어정화주의 담론의 역사- 17세기부터 1945년까지
The History of Discourse on Purifying the German Language - From the 17C to 1945
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It is evident that contact with another language shapes and develops a language. What is more up for discussion is how a home language responds to such influences. Such questions have been at the center of the Sprachpflege issue. In the history of the German language, responses to dealing with loanwords have dramatically shifted with the times. The disparity arises from the two different evaluations of the situation. Foreign word influences may be appreciated as an influx that makes the home language and culture more plentiful; but also could be rejected as valueless and overwhelming, hence the attempts to do away with the loanwords in the mother tongue. The German language was shaped with the influence of Latin in the age of the Old High German, and French in the High German of the Middle Ages. By the modern times, the influence of foreign languages becomes more prominent. In other words, Latin from the classical times, French from the A la Mode times, and English from modern times had a large impact on how German developed. This influence created new loanwords and gave rise to endless controversy over the pros and cons of accommodating these expressions. There were specific incidents which propelled these discourses to take center stage – such as the outbreak of the Thirty-Year War (1618), the French Revolution (1789), the creation of the German empire (1871), and the rise of the Natzi (1933). The relation between the use of loanwords and politics is especially clear when looking at the development of German language diachronically.
Abstract
It is evident that contact with another language shapes and develops a language. What is more up for discussion is how a home language responds to such influences. Such questions have been at the center of the Sprachpflege issue. In the history of the German language, responses to dealing with loanwords have dramatically shifted with the times. The disparity arises from the two different evaluations of the situation. Foreign word influences may be appreciated as an influx that makes the home language and culture more plentiful; but also could be rejected as valueless and overwhelming, hence the attempts to do away with the loanwords in the mother tongue. The German language was shaped with the influence of Latin in the age of the Old High German, and French in the High German of the Middle Ages. By the modern times, the influence of foreign languages becomes more prominent. In other words, Latin from the classical times, French from the A la Mode times, and English from modern times had a large impact on how German developed. This influence created new loanwords and gave rise to endless controversy over the pros and cons of accommodating these expressions. There were specific incidents which propelled these discourses to take center stage – such as the outbreak of the Thirty-Year War (1618), the French Revolution (1789), the creation of the German empire (1871), and the rise of the Natzi (1933). The relation between the use of loanwords and politics is especially clear when looking at the development of German language diachronically.
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