『승정원일기』의 인조-효종대 역사기상일지적 성격과 기상기록 특성 고찰

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to understand meteorological phenomena during the Choson Dynasty, especially during King Injo and King Hyojong(1623-1659) from the records of 『The Annals of Seung-jeong-won』(Seongjeongwon Ilgi). 『The Annals of Seung-jeong-won』 is an important source in terms of historical meteorology in Korea in that this annals recorded everyday weather information during Choson Dynasty. In these annals, weather information was recorded in two kinds of forms; title form and expository form, the former is representative weather of that day, such as clear, cloudy, or rainy and snowy, while the latter gives additional and concrete weather information, like fog, thunder, hail and frost, and even lunar and solar halo, which were considered important phenomena in the past, and also natural disaster. These records allow analysis of following factors in this paper. First, the rates of clear day. Second, droughts and floods, and the following damage caused by these natural disasters. Third, yearly and seasonal tendency of lunar and solar halo. Fourth, the first frost date changes. Especially, research on the first frost date yielded significant results. During 1623-1659, the first frost date was between September 19th and October 21st, and the average date of the first frost was around October 3rd. It shows difference with the average date during 1864-1906, which was around October 13th according to the former research. This result shows climate changes of that time. As a conclusion, this research not only shows the value of the 『The Annals of Seung-jeong-won』 as a meteorological text, but also shows the various aspects of the weather during the Choseon Dynasty, and therefore will contribute to the foundations of historical meteorology in Korea.