考察现代汉语“对”字的功能扩展及其内部层级的多样性
Investigate the functional expansion of the modern Chinese character "dui" and the diversity of its internal hierarchies
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This article describes the function expansion of “dui”based on the process of grammaticalization, and regards the sentence structure composed of “dui” as an internal hierarchical category. The “dui” character structure can form five constructions in modern Chinese. In these five constructions, “dui” has verb, semi-actual, semi-prepositional, and fully prepositional usage. They are used as “duizhe”, “dui” and the form of “duiyu” appeared. The evolution of “dui” from a verb to a preposition is roughly caused by three factors. One is that it often appears in consecutive verbs as a secondary verb, and gradually degenerates the syntactic features of ordinary verbs related to time information; The third condition is based on the first two factors, that is, whether the object argument dominated by the verb is “object”, “person” or “event”. In other words， the semantics of the predicate argument are specific, abstract, and eventual. One of the important factors that causes verbs to become virtual prepositions.
Abstract
This article describes the function expansion of “dui”based on the process of grammaticalization, and regards the sentence structure composed of “dui” as an internal hierarchical category. The “dui” character structure can form five constructions in modern Chinese. In these five constructions, “dui” has verb, semi-actual, semi-prepositional, and fully prepositional usage. They are used as “duizhe”, “dui” and the form of “duiyu” appeared. The evolution of “dui” from a verb to a preposition is roughly caused by three factors. One is that it often appears in consecutive verbs as a secondary verb, and gradually degenerates the syntactic features of ordinary verbs related to time information; The third condition is based on the first two factors, that is, whether the object argument dominated by the verb is “object”, “person” or “event”. In other words， the semantics of the predicate argument are specific, abstract, and eventual. One of the important factors that causes verbs to become virtual prepositions.
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