니토베 이나조·량치차오·신채호의 무사도·화랑도 수립 비교 연구

Abstract

The key point of this thesis is to study the fact that Nitobe Inazo, Liang Qi-Chao and Shin Chae-Ho, the leading intellectuals of Japan, China, and Korea, respectively, developed a discussion of spiritual culture, including Busido, Militaristic spirit, National character, and National spirit in the face of the turbulent modern transition period. Nationalists and enlightened intellectuals tried to reflect on the Western spirit culture, as well as their own spiritual culture, in largely a nationalist and even militaristic trend, to find ways to overcome the crisis of the transition and achieve a strong and rich nation. The intellectuals of Korea, China and Japan had a sense of duty to establish and maintain the equilibrium of the people, the nation, and the national spirit, among other things. In short, the theory of social evolution → Nationalism → Enlightenment → the discourse of National character → Militaristic spirit was promoted in the stream of the national confusion, and at that time, Busido and Hwarangdo were to be established as symbols. Busido and Hwarangdo were some of the answers of the intellectuals who thought about where and how to lead the three nations in the face of a transition or crisis. Among the representative figures who have made efforts and made achievements in the establishment of Busido and Hwarangdo are Japan’s Nitobe Inazo, China’s Liang Qi-Chao and Korea’s Shin Chae-Ho. What they sought was an enterprising and robust guidance that could lead the nation to might and wealth during the modern transition that could be universally internalized to the general public. In this regard, the figures extracted and established an example from their own country’s ancient history and characters, and exerted their ability as a writer, historian, journalist, and educator to promote and enlighten the people both internally and externally.