위만 조선의 왕족 인명 연구

Abstract

Unfortunately, there is almost no detailed academic research on the Gochoson (Ancient Choson) language in the history of Korean language study. This fact justifies such academic research as an analysis of Gochoson language in terms of examining proper nouns. It is widely accepted assumption that Choson was established by multi tribes dwelled in vicinity area at that time when it became as a sovereign country. Judging by some historical documents, the people of Choson presumably used in daily life not only the father language of contemporary Korean language, but languages from Altaic group as well. There were many tribes in Weeman(衛滿) Choson and they used different languages. This can be proved by the fact that there were various power groups in Weeman Choson. Some power groups were for the King Woogo who carried out wars against the Han dynasty and other power groups were against the King Woogo. It is apprehended that there were relationships between Weeman Choson and Northern tribes who were related with the Huns, Seonbi or Kokuryo. This was found in the process of examining origin of the Weeman Choson. The name of the country ‘Weeman(衛滿)’ was derived from ‘Man’ and the cause of this change was based on the process of recognition the head of the leaders: the army commander in the society of army based politico-social unit became a country and the head of it became King. As a result of this study, the Weeman and Woomoon(宇文) were the same in both terms of pronunciation and meaning. The grandson of Weeman, Woogo(右渠), appears as Woogo(優居) in the documents of Kokuryo. The Kitan name of public duty ‘Woowol(于越)’has some connection with the thirteenth century Mongolian ‘üge’. The King Woogo’s son Zanggak(長䧄) was proved to be the second rank of the country who was right next to the King himself. As a result of this the Sangga(相加) in Kokuryo also has some connection to this. The name Sangga is presumably a combination of Zang(長) and Ga(加) in Chinese language. The King of Bi Zang(長) is also understood as a kin man of the King Woogo. The meaning of Zang is the head of the tribe. It has been proved that the higher rank Songi(成已) of the King Woogo is related to the Sinzi(臣智) of Samhan(三韓) which could be connected to the ‘sinči’ of Mongolian. The result of this study was concluded on the basis of analysis of personal names what proves the fact that there were various languages used in Weeman Choson. The so far considered traditional way of understanding that the origin of Weeman was either one of Chinese subsidiary or Choson is rather a Northern subsidiary related with the Huns, Sonbe or Kokuryo. However it is still not clear whether the Northern subsidiary was a new power group which was simultaneously emerged with the establishment of Weeman Choson or a previously existed tribe in Gochoson. Despite this ambiguity, it is clear that Weeman Choson was consisted of various tribes including the indigenous Gochoson tribes, Chinese subsidiary and Northern subsidiaries. This rays a new light on the preexisted theory of that Weeman Choson was a subsidiary of either Chinese of Choson. The reason why there is no names of public duties in native tongue or northern epidemic language and why the names are only in Chinese was also proved: the names of Weeman Choson’s kings were not simply names of persons, but the names connotate in themselves the ranks of public duties.