1960-1980년대 한․중 모더니즘 시의 지향성 비교연구

Abstract

This thesis compared the directivity of Korean and Chinese modernism poetry of the 1960s to the 1980s focusing on the coterie ≪Modern Poetry≫ of Korea and the coterie ≪Today≫ of China. Behind the comparison of these two motives are the April 19th Revolution of Korea and Tiananmen Square protests of China, which were important turning points in the preparation of modernity. The two revolutions were the first democratic revolutions since liberation and they had a symbolic effect on modern history and literary history and this connected with movements for modernism of the West and gave birth to unique thoughts of modernism. The coterie magazines ≪Modern Poetry≫ and ≪Today≫ were created to allow people to voice their thoughts and establish their literary positions after the first democratic revolution failed after liberation in an atmosphere of national censorship. Their greatest role was to create autonomous literary fields in which attempts could be made for pure poetic explorations in a time when realistic participation was desperately needed and to secure diversity. Modern poetry coteries particularly pry into the unconscious, or in other words, the inner consciousness and their goal was a combination of lyricism and modernity. Their internal world was in the form of individual illusions created through language and the illusions they pursue were progressed with as explorations into pure individual unconsciousness and not as reflections of reality or participation. Also, they accept modernism techniques but establish their own poetics instead of settling for a single form of esthetics and they promoted active language experiments. The psalms of coteries can be distinguished from the ‘internal worlds’ of previous poems of modernism from aspects that they are the acquisition of self-sustaining internality that possesses modernistic material foundations. Compared to this, modernism poetry of China actively utilized modernism from aspects of technique but there are many aspects of reality reflection from aspects of content. Chinese poets read books related to modernism in secret through underground reading and this became nourishment for the creation of modernism poetry. They borrowed various modernism techniques such as metaphors, montages, and automatic techniques to reveal the contradictions of suppressed realities and this was called “misty poetry” and appeared as contemporary literary thought. Ultimately, misty poetry is another name for engagement poetry that borrows modernism techniques and its modernism is similar to historical modernity that is based on historical reality.