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대학생의 학업 및 심리적 적응에 관한 추적연구 : 유연성요인과 위험요인을 중심으로

The Psychological and Academic Adjustment of College Students : The Effects of Resilience Factors and Risks

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주제분류기타사회과학

초록

본 연구에서는 유연성요인들과 위험요인이 대학 신입생들의 학업과 심리․정서적 적응에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 신입생들은 유연성요인이 높고 위험수준은 낮은 집단, 유연성요인이 높고 위험수준도 높은 집단, 위험수준은 낮지만 유연성요인도 낮은 집단, 위험수준이 높으면서 유연성요인은 낮은 집단으로 구분되었다. 대학적응의 심리․정서적 적응지표로서 다면인성검사 측정치를 분석하고 학업적 적응지표로서 4학기 동안의 누적평점의 평균을 비교하였으며, 대학환경 적응지표로서 재학 및 학업중단 여부를 살펴보았다. 그 결과 재학이나 학업중단의 비율에 있어서는 집단 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 학업적 적응에 있어서는 누적평점 평균에서 집단 간에 유의미한 차이가 나타났으며, 심리․정서적 적응에서는 MMPI의 Mf 척도를 제외한 모든 타당도척도 및 임상척도와 대학생활적응척도에서 의미있는 차이가 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 대한 논의와 함께 본 연구의 의의와 제한점이 검토되었다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to understand the influence of resilience factors and the risks undergone by students during college adjustment. 415 first-year students were grouped into four groups according to their level of resilience factors and risks. College adjustment was analyzed in terms of psychological-emotional, academic, and college environmental factors, measured by MMPI scores, accumulated credits for 2 years and registration rate respectively. The results of chi-square test and analysis of variance revealed that no significant difference was found in the registration rate among the groups. In the area of academic adjustment, groups with high resilience factors showed significantly higher accumulated credits than the groups with low resilience factors. The analysis of MMPI scores proved that each scale, with the exception ofMf showed significant differences, indicating that resilience factors rather than risks have an effect on the degree of psychological-emotional adjustment. The implications and limitations of this study are also discussed.

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