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학교폭력 피해경험이 우울에 미치는 영향에서 자긍심 및 사회지지의 작용과 성별차이

Gender differences in the role of self-esteem and social support in relation to the effects of school bullying victimization on depression

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초록

이 연구는 청소년의 학교폭력 피해경험이 우울에 미치는 영향력을 살펴봄에 있어 그 영향이 남녀 청소년에게 얼마나 차별적인가에 관심을 가졌다. 그리고 학교폭력피해가 왜 우울에 영향을 주는지를 알기 위해 자긍심을 매개변인으로 다루었는데 학교폭력피해가 자긍심을 낮추고 그것을 이유로 우울을 유발하는지 그리고 그 성별차이를 살펴보았다. 한편 이 연구에서는 학교폭력피해와 우울의 관계에서 자긍심의 작용이 매개작용 이외에 완충작용을 하는 조절변인의 역할을 하는지를 다뤘다. 그리고 아울러 자긍심이외에 사회지지 요인들의 완충효과도 살펴보았고 그러한 완충효과들의 성별차이를 알아보고자 했다. 한국아동청소년패널조사를 사용한 본 연구의 분석결과는 학교폭력피해의 경험이 우울에 미치는 영향에서 여성에게서 큰 것으로 나타나 성별차이를 나타냈으며, 그리고 자긍심의 매개효과는 여성에게서 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 남성의 경우 우울에의 영향에서 학교폭력피해와 자긍심의 상호작용효과가 부(-)적으로 유의미하게 나타나 자긍심의 조절변인으로서의 완충작용은 남성에게서 큰 것으로 제시되었다. 여성의 경우는 자긍심의 완충효과보다는 학교폭력피해와 친구관계의 상호작용효과가 부(-)적으로 유의미한 것으로 나타나 사회지지의 완충조절작용이 남성보다는 더 큰 것을 제시해 남녀별로 차이를 나타냈다.

Abstract

This study examines whether the effect of school bullying victimization on depression differs according to whether the victims are male or female students. The study also tested whether the effect of school bullying victimization on depression may be mediated by self-esteem and whether school bullying victimization decreases self-esteem, and in turn increases depression. In addition, this study tests the differences in mediating effects according to gender. On the other hand, the present study hypothesizes whether self-esteem has a moderating effect on the relationship between school bullying victimization and depression. That is, this study tests whether the effect of school bullying victimization on depression may be buffered by high levels of self-esteem. This study also tests whether the effect of school bullying victimization on depression may be buffered by high levels of social support. This study also tests the differences in those effects according to gender. Using data from the Korea Child and Youth Panel Study, it was revealed that several hypotheses are supported and there are indeed noticeable differences attributable to gender differences. The results show that the effect of school bullying victimization on depression is greater on females than on males and its effect is mediated by self-esteem in the case of females. However, it is revealed that for males, self-esteem has a moderating effect on the relationship between school bullying victimization and depression and the interaction effect of school bulling victimization and self-esteem on depression is significantly negative. Furthermore, for females, it is found that the interaction effect of school bulling victimization and social support on depression is significantly negative.

참고문헌 (59)

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