청소년 폭력피해가 우울에 미치는 영향에서 부모 및 친구관계의 조절효과: 성별에 따른 두 대립가설의 검증
The Moderating Effect of Parent and Peer Relationships between Violence Victimization and Depression: Testing Two Contrasting Hypotheses across Gender
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이 연구는 청소년의 폭력피해가 우울에 미치는 영향을 살펴봄에 있어 부모관계와 친구관계의 조절작용을 살펴보며 그러한 조절효과가 남녀 청소년에게 얼마나 차별적인지의 성별 차이를 다룬다. 그러한 부모관계와 친구관계의 조절효과는 폭력피해의 우울에의 작용을 감소시키는 완충작용과 그 반대로 오히려 우울을 증가시키는 촉진작용의 서로 상반되는 작용이 가능한데 남녀에 따라 어떻게 다를지를 살펴보았다. 한국아동청소년패널조사를 사용한 본 연구의 분석결과는 우선 폭력피해의 우울에 미치는 영향이 남성보다는 여성에게서 더 큰 것을 제시했다. 또한 본 연구에서 관심을 갖는 주제의 분석결과로 폭력피해가 우울에 미치는 영향에서 부모관계와 친구관계의 조절효과는 성별 차이를 제시했는데, 여성의 경우는 폭력피해와 친구관계의 상호작용효과가 부(-)적으로 작용했고, 남성의 경우는 폭력피해와 부모관계의 상호작용효과가 정(+)적으로 작용한 것을 제시했다. 이 결과는 폭력피해에서 여성의 경우는 친구관계가 완충역할을 하는 것으로, 남성의 경우는 부모관계가 촉진효과를 갖는다는 것을 제시하는 것으로, 여성의 경우 피해시 친구관계가 좋을 경우 우울이 감소하지만, 남성의 경우 피해시 부모와의 관계가 좋을 때 오히려 더 우울의 경향이 높음을 제시한다. 이 결과의 정책적 함의를 논의한다.
Abstract
This study examines whether the moderating effect of relations with parents and peers between violence victimization and depression is different across male and female student. This study tests two contrasting buffering or promoting effects of relationships with parents and peers across gender. That is, this study tests whether the effect of violence victimization on depression may be buffered or promoted by high relationships with parents and peers and there are gender differences. Using Korea Child and Youth Panel Study Data, it is found that effect of violence victimization on depression is larger on female than on male. In addition, results show that there are gender differences in moderating effects of relationships with parents and peers between victimization and depression. It is revealed that for male, the interaction effect of victimization and parent-relationship on depression is significantly positive, while for female, the interaction effect of victimization and peer-relationship on depression is significantly negative. Those results show that when they are victimized from bullying, high parent-relationship is promoting depression in male and, while high peer-relationship is buffering depression in female. The policy implication of those results is discussed.
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