비교적 관점에서 본 동아시아 선진민주주의 3국 일본, 한국 및 대만의 재분배 선호
Comparing Preference for Redistribution in East Asian Advanced Democracies
0
조회
0
다운로드
7
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
이 글의 목적은 동아시아의 복지국가에 대한 선호를 비교적 시각에서 이해하는 것이다. 민주주의에서 정치는 민의를 반영하는 것이며 사회적 선호는 정치엘리트에게 민의를 제시하는 귀중한 정보이다. 최근 복지국가의 미시적 기반을 형성하는 사회적 선호에 대한 관심이 크게 늘고 있다. 복지태도에 대한 연구는 사회경제적, 인구학적 요인과 정치성향을 중심으로 한 전통을 갖고 있다. 최근 연구는 개인의 선호에 영향을 주는 심리적 및 문화적 요인에 주목하고 있다. 후자는 개별 국가마다 역사적으로 다르게 형성되었다는 점에서 비교연구의 중요한 준거이다. 글의 순서는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 최근 왕성하게 발전해온 재분배 선호에 대한 간략히 논의한다. 둘째, 선호 문헌을 기반으로 재분배 선호를 종속변수로 하고 이를 설명하는 소득과 그 외 다양한 설명변수를 제시한다. 셋째 부분은 경험적 조사이다. 가장 최근 조사된 세계가치조사(World Value Survey, WVS 6)가 제공하는 경험적 자료를 기반으로 선진민주주의의 대표적 복지국가유형을 대표하는 미국, 독일및 스웨덴의 사례와 동아시아 선진민주주의를 대표하는 일본, 한국 및 대만의 사례를 비교한다. 비교는 소득집단, 문화적가치, 그리고 당파성(partisanship)의 차이가 소득평등주의에 어떤 영향을 주는지에 집중한다, 넷째, 결론으로서 성과와 논의를 요약한 뒤 앞으로의 과제를 제시한다.
Abstract
This paper aims at comparing preference for redistribution in East Asian Welfare States. In democracy, public opinion impacts policy making, which means that mass preference is valuable data for policymakers. Mass preference, the microfoundation of welfare states, is currently gaining more attention. Welfare attitude has traditionally been studied through socioeconomic and demographic factors, and political orientation. However, recent studies focus on psychological and cultural factors that influence mass preference. Social preference is therefore essential criteria for a comparative study because it has forged differently in each country. This paper starts by introducing recent studies on preference for redistribution. Based on the literature review, I examine if income and other variables have an effect on preference for redistribution. The next section involves data selection. I use the World Value Survey to compare advanced democracies; symbolic welfare states (US, Germany, Sweden) to East Asian countries ( Japan, South Korea, Taiwan). The effects of income groups, cultural value and partisanship on income equality are the focus. In conclusion, I sum up the results and propose future avenues in research.
참고문헌 (33)
- 강명세, "반공의 시대-한국과 독일, 냉전의 정치" (2015), 돌베개
- 양재진, "제도주의적 권력자원론과 한국의 노동, 자본, 정치가의 복지정책 선호에 관한 실증연구", 한국정치학회보, 48(2), pp.79~102 (2014), 한국정치학회[DOI]
- Alesina, Alberto, "Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe" (2004), Oxford University Press
- Preferences for Redistribution, "Alesina, Alberto", NBER, 1~40, pp.Working Paper 14825 (2009)
- Culture and Institutions, "Alesina, Alberto", NBER, 1~68, pp.Working Paper 19750 (2013)
- Alesina, Alberto, "Culture and Institutions", Journal of Economic Literature, 53(4), pp.898~944 (2015)
- Immigration and Preferences for Redistribution in Europe, "Alesina, Alberto", NBER, 1~66, pp.Working Paper 25562 (2019)
- Bartels, Larry, "Unequal Democracy The Political Economy of the New Gilded Age" (2008), Princeton University Press
- Benabou, Roland, "Social Mobility and the Demand for Redistribution: The POUM Hypothesis", Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2, pp.447~487 (2001)
- Beramendi, Pablo, "The Politics of Advanced Capitalism" (2015), Cambridge University Press
- Boix, Carles, "Democracy and Redistribution" (2003), Princeton University Press
- Bradley, D., "Distribution and Redistribution in Postindustrial Democracies", World Politics, 55, pp.93~228 (2003)
- Brooks, Clem, "Why Welfare States Persist: The Importance of Public Opinion in Democracies" (2007), University of Chicago Press
- Evelyne Huber, "Income inequality and redistribution in post-industrial democracies: demographic, economic and political determinants", Socio-Economic Review, 12(2), pp.245~267 (2014)
- Gilens, Martin, "Affluence and Influence" (2012), Princeton University Press
- Gender: An Historical Perspective, "Guiliano, Paola", NBER, ~, pp.working paper No. 23635 (2017)
- Guiso, Luigi, "Long-Term Persistence", Journal of the European Economic Association, 14, pp.1401~1436 (2016)
- Haggard, Stephan, "Development, Democracy, and Welfare States" (2008), Princeton University Press
- Hibbs, Douglas A., "Political Parties and the Macro Economic Policy", American Political Science Review, 71, pp.1467~1487 (1977)
- Iversen, Torben, "An Asset Theory of Social Policy Preferences", American Political Science Review, 95, pp.875~893 (2001)
- Iversen, Torben, "Distribution and Redistribution: The Shadow of the Nineteenth Century", World Politics, 61(3), pp.438~486 (2009)
- Jacobs, Lawrence, "Politicians Don’t Pander" (2000), University of Chicago Press
- Kelly, Nathan J., "Inequality and the Dynamics of Public Opinion: The Self-Reinforcing Link Between Economic Inequality and Mass Preferences", American Journal of Political Science, 54, pp.855~870 (2010)
- Kenworthy, L., "Rising Inequality and the Politics of Redistribution in Affluent Countries", Perspectives on Politics, 3(3), pp.449~471 (2005)
- Lupu, Noam, "The Structure of Inequality and the Politics of Redistribution", American Political Science Review, 105, pp.316~336 (2011)
- Meltzer, Allan H., "A Rational Theory of the Size of Government", Journal of Political Economy, 89, pp.914~927 (1981)
- Piketty, Thomas, "Social Mobility and Redistributive Politics", The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110, pp.551~584 (1995)
- Brahmin Left vs. Merchant Right: Rising Inequality and the Changing Structure of Political Conflict, "Piketty, Thomas", WID, 1~180 (2018)
- Pontusson, Jonas, "Macroeconomic Conditions, Inequality Shocks and the Politics of Redistribution", The Journal of European Social Policy, 25, pp.31~58 (2017)
- Rehm, Philipp, "Risk Inequality and Welfare States" (2015), Cambridge University Press
- Scheve, Kenneth, "Wealth Inequality and Democracy", Annual Review of Political Science, 20, pp.451~468 (2017)
- Stubager, Rune, "Education-based group identity and consciousness in the authoritarian-liberal value conflict", European Journal of Political Research, 48, pp.204~233 (2008)
- Weaklim, David L., "The Effects of Education on Political Opinions: An International Study", International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 14, pp.141~157 (2002)