중대한 인권침해사건 —진화위(2005–2010)의 결정 및 후속판결을 중심으로—
Serious Human Rights Violations -focused on TRC’s decisions(2005-2010) and their subsequent judgements-
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이 글은 진실․화해를 위한 과거사정리기본법 제2조 제1항 제4호상의 ‘중대한 인권침해사건’의 의미를 해명하려는 시도이다. 중대한 인권침해사건이라는 용어는 국제법 문서에서는 일상적으로 사용되지만 국내법전에서는 이례적이다. ‘중대한 인권침해사건’은 수사학적인 호소력에도 불구하고 여전히 모호하고 정의적이다. 저자는 진실화해위원회의 진실규명작업의 원활한 수행을 위해 중대한 인권침해사건을 개념적으로 정리하고 그 적절한 유형을 제안하고자 한다. 이 글은 인권이론으로부터 추상적 연역이 아니라 한국에서 일어난 헌법 파괴적인 권력남용과 총체적인 인권유린의 역사적 특수성을 고려한 귀납적 일반화이다. 따라서 저자는 진실화해위원회 및 각종 과거사 기구의 축적된 결정, 사법부의 후속 판결 및 관련된 특별법들을 고려하여 과거사정리법 제2조 제1항 제4호상의 ‘위법성’을 체계적으로 검토하고, 나아가 국제인도법 및 국제인권법상의 논의를 참조하여 위원회가 다룰 중대한 인권침해사건의 유형과 범위를 한정해보고자 한다.
Abstract
This article is an attempt to define the meaning of “serious human rights violations” in Article 2(1)(ⅳ) of Truth & Reconciliation Act of Korea. The term ‘serious human rights violations’ is routinized in international legal documents, but uncommon in Korean acts. Despite its rhetorical appeal, the term ‘serious human rights violations’ remains rather ambiguous or emotive. However, the author tried to define the term ‘serious human rights violations’ and propose its appropriate typology for the smooth performance of investigation activities by the Truth & Reconciliation Commission of Korea. This article is not a deductive extentions from the abstract theory of human rights, but an inductive generalization by reflecting the historical specificities of abuses destroying the constitutional order and gross human rights abuses in Korea. Therefore, the author tries to review systematically the ‘illegality’ under Article 2(1)(ⅳ) of Truth & Reconciliation Act in consideration of the accumulated decisions of the prior TRC of Korea and various Committees for correcting the historical wrongs, their subsequent judicial decisions and special Acts. Furthermore, the author intends to limit the types and scope of serious human rights violations to be dealt with by the TRC by referring to disputations under international humanitarian and human rights law.
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