포용적 개발(inclusive development)의 한계: 남미인프라통합구상(IIRSA) 과정 중 아끄리 강 통합다리 프로젝트의 실증적 경험을 토대로
The Limitation of Inclusive Development: The Empirical Case Study of the Acrean Integration Bridge under the Initiative for South American Regional Integration(IIRSA)
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Is Initiative for South American Regional Integration(IIRSA) an “inclusive” development? IIRSA is an infrastructure-oriented projects which primarily aim to extend for Social Overhead Capital(SOC) while the leftist governments in South America seized the power at the beginning of 21st century. In this context, this paper seeks to find as to whether IIRSA is de facto coupled with the notion of inclusive development, which mainly cares for the interests of multi-faceted actors. Thus, to solve this puzzle, the fieldwork has been implemented. The fieldwork took place on a tri-border state of Brazil, Peru and Bolivia where Integration Bridge constructed, in the line of Bi-Oceanic highway. Particularly, this paper is interested in finding out to see whether IIRSA, which is coupled with the emergence of leftist governments, remains as a rhetoric or conducted de facto to carry out the inclusiveness. The research methodology employed as a mixed method by qualitative and quantitative, so as to conduct a fieldwork research. Assis Brazil, in which the Acrean Integration Bridge has been constructed and located in a border city of Acrean state, has two interesting historical facts. One of them is rubber tree and latex and the other, the cattle's occupation in Amazon area. Subsequently, this research understood historically embedded societal structure, which contains the notion of bifurcated aspects as patron vs semi-slavery, by way of these two interesting factors. Finally, this research found that because of this embedded societal structure societal-economic ‘path dependence’ played a key role in limiting the nature of inclusive development of IIRSA at the local level.
Abstract
Is Initiative for South American Regional Integration(IIRSA) an “inclusive” development? IIRSA is an infrastructure-oriented projects which primarily aim to extend for Social Overhead Capital(SOC) while the leftist governments in South America seized the power at the beginning of 21st century. In this context, this paper seeks to find as to whether IIRSA is de facto coupled with the notion of inclusive development, which mainly cares for the interests of multi-faceted actors. Thus, to solve this puzzle, the fieldwork has been implemented. The fieldwork took place on a tri-border state of Brazil, Peru and Bolivia where Integration Bridge constructed, in the line of Bi-Oceanic highway. Particularly, this paper is interested in finding out to see whether IIRSA, which is coupled with the emergence of leftist governments, remains as a rhetoric or conducted de facto to carry out the inclusiveness. The research methodology employed as a mixed method by qualitative and quantitative, so as to conduct a fieldwork research. Assis Brazil, in which the Acrean Integration Bridge has been constructed and located in a border city of Acrean state, has two interesting historical facts. One of them is rubber tree and latex and the other, the cattle's occupation in Amazon area. Subsequently, this research understood historically embedded societal structure, which contains the notion of bifurcated aspects as patron vs semi-slavery, by way of these two interesting factors. Finally, this research found that because of this embedded societal structure societal-economic ‘path dependence’ played a key role in limiting the nature of inclusive development of IIRSA at the local level.
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