브라질 시인 마누에우 반데이라(Manuel Bandeira)의 구체시에 대한 소고(小考)

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the concrete poems of the Brazilian poet Manuel Bandeira. Of the nine poems that he left us at his 71 years of age, we chose and analyzed four, which made us understand that, despite his short-lived concretist experience, he was very aware of the essence of concrete poetry of the time, such as consideration of the blank space of the sheet of paper as an element of poetry itself; exploration of the visual aspect of words based on their sonority; correspondence between content and form; affirmation that a concrete poem communicates its structure, basing itself on the modernist conception that a poem is a construction of words; an anagrammatic point of view of words, etc. But what makes his poetry different from the concrete poetry of other poets is that from the beginning our poet demonstrated his extraordinary ability on the musicality of words and, overcoming the Parnassianism and Symbolism that characterized the initial period of his career as a poet (A Cinza das Horas, Carnaval, O Ritmo Dissoluto) became soon part of modernism, demonstrating his strong avant-garde spirit of experientalism (Libertinagem). In addition, he was a beloved poet of Brazilian readers for his lyricism that flourished from the beginning with the use of everyday words of the people and easy to understand, all based on his own humble life and experience. However, his concretist experience should be understood as a continuation of his vision of the musicality and visuality of the poetic language that is found throughout his poetry (for example, “Rua do Sabão”, “Evocação do Recife” “Iron Train”, etc.).