지원고용된 지적장애인 근로자 지원을 위한 동료근로자 개입 중재의 분석
An analysis of coworker interventions for supporting workers with intellectual disabilities in supported employment settings
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참고문헌
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초록
이 연구는 1991년부터 2010년까지 20년 간 출판된 논문 중에서 지원고용된 지적장애인을 지원하기 위해 동료근로자가 개입된 중재를 실시한 실험논문만을 국내외에서 수합하였는데, 국내 논문은 없었고 국외 논문 총 10편 선정되어 분석되었다. 이 논문들의 중재 배경정보, 구성요소 및 중재효과가 분석되었고 그 종합으로부터 동료근로자 지원 활용을 위한 지침을 추출하였다. 동료근로자는 대부분 전문가에게 훈련을 받아 장애인 근로자나 다른 동료근로자에 대한 중재를 실시하는 역할을 하였다. 전문가가 동료근로자에게 제공한 중재의 내용은 장애인 근로자를 교수하는 방법 제공, 장애인 근로자를 지원하는 전략개발과정에 참여 기회 제공, 다양한 정보제공, 장애인 근로자의 직무를 수정하는 방법 교수를 포함하였다. 동료근로자 개입의 중재효과는 장애인 근로자의 직무수행 및 직무여건에서의 변화, 직장 내 사회적 통합의 증진, 전문가 투입의 감소, 동료근로자의 긍정적 변화로 분류되었다. 동료근로자 개입 중재의 효과는 전문가가 개입한 중재와 비슷하거나 더 긍정적인 것으로 나타났다. 중재연구들의 구성요소와 효과 분석을 통해 동료근로자 지원을 보다 적합하게 활용하기 위한 4가지 지침을 제시하였다: (1)동료근로자 지원 활용을 포함한 다른 지원 전략을 복합적으로 사용; (2)장애인 근로자의 직무수행 능력과 사회적 통합 증진을 함께 고려; (3)동료근로자 지원 활용에 전문가의 지속적인 피드백과 자문의 필요성; (4)장애인 근로자 지원에 참여하는 동료근로자 확대를 통해 직장 내 지원 네트워크의 형성. 끝으로, 지적장애인 근로자의 지원을 위해 동료근로자 지원을 활용 시에 구체적으로 고려할 사항과 동료근로자 개입 관련 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study reviewed the experimental studies of co-worker interventions for workers with intellectual disabilities in supported employment settings. The studies on co-worker interventions in supported employment, published from 1991 to 2010 were collected. 10 articles from foreign professional journals were selected by the selection criteria of this study. The components and effects of the experimental studies of co-worker interventions were analyzed. Employment specialists trained co-workers in most interventions and then the trained co-workers trained workers with intellectual disabilities. Contents of interventions which were provided with co-workers by the specialists are instructional tactics, involvement in developing strategies, provision of various information on individuals with disabilities, and job modification methods. The effects of intervention with co-workers were the improvements of job performance and working environments, the enhancement of social inclusion in job settings, the reduction of specialists' involvement and the change of co-workers' perceptions on their capacities for supporting workers with intellectual disabilities. Four suggestions for utilizing the supports from co-workers for workers with disabilities were delineated. Finally, considerations needed for the use of co-workers' supports for workers with intellectual disabilities and suggestions for future studies on the co-worker interventions were provided.
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