ICT가 산업별 경제성장에 미치는 영향: 사하라사막이남 아프리카 지역을 중심으로
Impact of ICT on Industry-Specific with the focus on the Sahara-South Africa region.
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초록
본논문은 사하라이남 아프리카에서 농업과 제조업, 서비스업이 ICT의 보급을 통해 국가 경제성장에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 알아보고자 한다. 아프리카는 안정된 정치적 상황을 바탕으로, 2000년 이후부터는 연 5% 이상의 경제성장을 이루었지만 열악한 인프라 환경과 1차 산업 위주의 산업구조는 아프리카의 경쟁력을 저하하며 경제발전의 성장 동력을 떨어뜨리고 있다. 한편 최근 아프리카에 모바일 서비스가 빠르게 확산되면서 경제성장과 사회발전을 촉진하고 있다. 세계이동통신사업자협회의 연구에 따르면, 사하라이남 아프리카의 모바일 산업이 이 지역경제에 1,000억 달러 이상을 기여했다[11]. 모바일 이용자 수도 증가하여 2015년 말까지 사하라이남 아프리카의 순수 모바일 가입자가 이 지역 인구의 41%에 달하는 3억 8,600만 명에 달했다. 본 논문에서는 자원 중심의 산업구조에서 탈피하여 산업다각화를 시도하고 아프리카에 ICT가 경제성장에 긍정적인 영향을 주는지를 연구하였다. 특히 농업, 제조업, 서비스업 중 어떤 분야에서 관련한 효과가 두드러졌는지를 중심으로 알아보았다. 본 연구는 2002년부터 2013년 사이의 남부, 중앙, 서부, 동부 아프리카 지역을 포괄하는 사하라사막이남 지역의 20개국에 대한 패널분석한 실증분석 결과이다.
Abstract
The school wants to find out how agriculture, manufacturing and service industries in Sahara-South Africa affect the nation's economic growth through ICT. Based on stable political situations, Africa has achieved more than 5 percent annual economic growth since 2000, but poor infrastructure environments and resource-oriented industrial structures have undermined Africa's competitiveness and undermined the growth momentum of economic development. Meanwhile, the recent rapid spread of mobile services in Africa has been spurring economic growth and social development. According to a study by the World Association of Mobile Telecommunications Operators, the mobile industry in South Africa has contributed more than $100 billion to the local economy[11]. The number of mobile users also increased, reaching 386 million by the end of 2015, or 41 percent of the region's population. In this paper, we tried to diversify our industries away from the resource-oriented industrial structure and studied whether ICT has a positive effect on economic growth in Africa. In particular, the survey focused on which areas of agriculture, manufacturing or service were marked by relevant effects. This study is a panel analysis of 20 countries in the Sahara Samaknam region covering southern, central, western and eastern Africa between 2002 and 2013.
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