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중소기업의 R&D와 기술혁신: 전략 및 조직문화의 역할

R&D Effort and Technology Innovation in the SMEs: The Role of Business Strategy and Organizational Culture

신진교
한국산업경영학회 (Korean Association Of Industrial Business Administrarion)|2007.05|경영연구 (Journal of Business Research)|제22권 제2호|pp. 393-424

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참고문헌

주제분류경영학

초록

중소기업의 R&D, 기술혁신, 그리고 재무성과에 관한 기존연구들은 일관된 연구결과를 제시하지 못하고 있다. 이에 본 논문은 중소기업의 R&D와 기술혁신 간의 관계, 이들 사이의 관계에 대한 조직상황 요인(차별화전략과 혁신문화)의 역할, 그리고 기술혁신과 재무성과 사이의 관계를 분석하려는 목적을 가지고 있다. 153개 중소기업으로부터 설문자료를 수집ㆍ분석한 결과 중소기업의 R&D는 기술혁신에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 중소기업의 R&D와 차별화전략 및 혁신문화의 상호작용 항목은 기술혁신에 긍정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 중소기업의 경우 R&D 하나만으로는 기술혁신에 이르지 못하며 전략이나 문화와 연계될 때 기술혁신이 가능함을 보여주었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 기술혁신에 대한 R&D의 주 효과와 전략 및 문화와의 상호작용 효과를 동시에 고려하는 연구가 타당함을 암시하고 있다. 또한 중소기업의 기술혁신은 재무성과에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 논문의 결론부분에서는 본 연구결과에 요약, 해석과 토론, 이론적 및 실무적인 시사점, 그리고 향후의 연구방향이 제시되고 있다. 한글 색인어 : 중소기업, R&D, 기술혁신, 재무성과, 차별화전략, 혁신문화

Abstract

This paper investigates how SMEs deploy their R&D, business strategy and organizational culture for successful technology innovation. Specifically, this study analyses the main effects of R&D intensity on technology innovation as well as the interaction effects among the above variables. This study also examines the impact of technology innovation on SMEs' financial performance. The survey data of 153 SMEs were collected and integrated as the empirical base for testing the hypotheses. Empirical results showed that R&D intensity was not influential determinant to SMEs' technology innovation. Rather, R&D intensity, business strategy and organizational culture complement each other. SMEs' business strategy and organizational culture can play a more important role than R&D intensity in the process of technology innovation. The SMEs' technology innovation is a complex task and there is no single best way available for all firms. Empirical results also indicated that technology innovation influenced on SMEs' financial performance significantly. The implications of these findings, limitations, and future research directions were also discussed.

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