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고객관련 사회적 스트레스로 인한 서비스직원의 부정적 감정과 탈진 그리고 고객지향성의 조절효과

Moderating Effects of Negative Emotion, Burnout and Customer Orientation of Service Staff due to CSS(customer-related social stressors)

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주제분류경영학

초록

예의에 벗어나는 말투나 무리한 요구를 하는 고객들도 자주 상대해야하는 서비스 직원들은 일반 사무직 근로자들과는 다른 유형의 스트레스에 노출된다. 본 연구는 고객들이 야기하는 사회적스트레스 때문에 수치심, 모멸감, 분노와 같은 부정적인 감정을 자주 느끼고 나아가 감정이 소진되는 탈진 상태까지 경험하는 서비스 직원들에게 있어서 고객지향성과 같은 긍정심리 자본이 부정적감정을 관리하는데 긍정적인 역할을 할 수 있는지를 확인한다. 실증조사를 위해 유통업, 음식점, 금융업, 교육 서비스, 자동차/전자제품 수리업 등 다양한 서비스 업종에 종사하는 직원 401명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였으며 검증 결과 연구가설이 지지되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 서비스 직원들을 채용할 때 고객지향성을 하나의 평가 기준으로 사용하고 사후 교육훈련에서도 이러한 심리자원을 보강시킬 경우 직원들이 고객관련 사회적 스트레스가 야기하는 부정적 감정을 더 잘 관리할수 있어 탈진을 예방하고 결국에는 고객 만족과 직원 생산성을 높일 뿐 아니라 직원 복리증진에도기여할 수 있다는 점을 시사한다.

Abstract

Service staff who has to frequently contact customers with impolite way of speaking or unreasonable demand is exposed to a different type of stress from that of ordinary office workers. As for service staff who frequently feels such negative emotion as shame, contempt or anger due to customer-related social stressors and who also experiences burnout with emotional exhaustion, this study investigates if positive psychological resources such as customer orientation can play a positive role in controlling such negative affect. For empirical survey, data were collected from 401 employees who engaged in various service business types including distribution business, restaurants, financial business, educational service, and car/electronic products repair, and all the research hypotheses were supported according to verification outcome. Such research outcome implies that if both customer orientation is used as a evaluation criterion when hiring service staff and if such psychological resources are strengthened in post-educational training, the staff can better control negative emotion caused by CSS(customer-related social stressors) and therefore, it may prevent burnout and finally, it will raise customer satisfaction and staff productivity to contribute to improvement of staff's welfare.

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