사업전환의 동태적 과정 및 특징에 관한 탐색적 연구
An Exploratory Study of the Dynamic Process and Characteristics of Core Business Changes
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초록
본 연구는 진화론적 프로세스 관점에서 제일모직의 사례에 대한 분석을 바탕으로, 기업의 중요한 전략 행위 가운데 하나인 사업전환의 개념과 의미 및 과정, 그리고 성공요인에 대해 살펴보았다. 먼저 이론적 고찰을 토대로 사업전환을 기업이 지속적인 경쟁우위를 창출하고 유지하기 위해 기업 내외부의 환경변화에 따라 현재 활동하고 있는 주된 사업영역을 새로운 사업영역으로 변화시켜 가는 일련의 포괄적인 경영활동으로 정의했다. 다음으로, 심층적 사례연구를 통해 제일모직이 섬유 및 패션사업에서 화학사업으로 전환되는 과정을 변이-선택-보존의 관점에서 전환압력의 인식부터 사업의 안정화 단계까지 세부적으로 구분하여 각 단계별 특징을 분석하고, 성공적인 사업전환에 대한 명제들을 도출했다. 사례분석 결과, 사업전환은 오랜 시간에 걸쳐 단계적으로 진행하는 변화이며, 사업전환과정의 성공 요인으로는 경영환경 변동의 정확한 예측, 자사의 핵심역량에 부합하는 적합한 사업의 선정과 기술획득, 사업전환과정에서의 최고경영자의 의지와 역할이 중요함을 발견했다.
Abstract
This study aims to examine how to create sustainable competitive advantages and keep them in the hyper-competitive environment through changing core businesses. The survival and success of a corporation depend largely on whether or not it can transform its resources and capabilities from the present core business domain to the new one. Based on the case of Cheil Industries, which changed its business dramatically from the textile and fashion industry to the petrochemical industry, this study seeks to identify the concept and processes of core business change, and characteristics in each stage within the process. The case highlights that the transformation process can be divided into three main phrases, i.e., variation, selection, and retention stages, in line with the evolutionary perspective, and that each stage has different factors for success within the whole change process.
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