영국 서비스 현금지급과 개인예산제도의 쟁점 및 한국의 도입가능성
Issues of UK Direct Payments and Personal Budgets and Possibility of Introduction into Korea
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초록
이 연구는 영국 서비스 현금지급제도 및 개인예산제도와 이의 바탕이 되고 있는 개별적 유연화의 개념 및 변화의 흐름을 살펴보고, 양 제도의 추동 요인과 쟁점을 살펴보았다. 그리고 우리나라의 현재에 대한 진단과 해석을 통하여 양 제도의 도입가능성을 검토하였다. 추동 요인으로는 자립생활기금 활용의 경험, 장애인 당사자들의 노력, 장애운동의 노력, 비용절감에 대한 연구가 있었으며, 시행상의 쟁점으로는 일선 공무원의 이해부족과 전문성의 갈등, 재정의 부족, 활동지원 직원(특히 여성)에 대한 착취 가능성, 서비스 직원 모집의 어려움과 가족 고용의 문제, 지원 서비스의 부족, 제공기관의 치열한 경쟁 등이 있었다. 또한 이런 영국의 추동요인 및 쟁점에 따라 우리나라의 현재를 진단한 결과 제도 도입의 논의가 시작될 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 바우처 경험 및 관리 능력, 장애인단체의 입법운동 경험, 한국학계의 연구능력 등을 보면 제도의 도입을 위한 논의가 가능할 것으로 보이며, 시행상의 문제와 관련된 구체적인 쟁점에 대해서는 충분한 사전 검토가 필요할 것이다.
Abstract
This research is to review the issues of UK personal budgets and direct payments and investigate the possibility of introduction into Korea. As a result, this research found that drive forces were former experience of independent living fund, efforts of disabled people, disabled people′s movements and researches on the cost-effectiveness and efficiency. There are also barriers in practice such as insufficient understanding of frontline workers, lack of adequate funding levels, high exploitation risk on the workforce, difficulty in staff recruitment, lack of support services and excessive competition among provision agencies. Research shows that Korea can introduce personal budgets and direct payments because it has the experience of voucher management, making-laws ability of disabled people organizations, research capability to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency and so on. Korea also can deal successfully with the barriers being expected in the practice level.
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