言語活動を表す動詞「いう」の条件形の脱動詞化

Abstract

In general, verbal conditional forms are used to represent an event presented in a subordinate clause that causes another event presented in main clause. However,there are derivational usages of the conditional form of the locutionary act verb iu ‘say’, which do not show causal relationship. Despite the fact that there are existing studies devoted to describing the derivational usages on the forms of iu, it has not been sufficiently discussed what kind of lexical and grammatical features change, nor how many pathways are. This paper will discuss the following points;Lexically, from the meaning of “to utter speech”, the lexical meaning is abstracted or bleached. Grammatically, the structure of a sentence, the semantic types of a predicate, the constructional and morphological properties, and the choice of the grammatically proper forms change. The sentence structure shifts to that of a simple sentence. The main types of predicates become nominal predicates and adjective predicates. Syntactically, the conditional form loses its functional status as a predicate and its independent status as a word. And it adheres to a specific pattern. Morphologically, it becomes a bounded form. Divided usages of the conditional form disappear. There are four pathways in deverbalization;The verbal forms change to postpositions by adhering to a specified case marker,to adverbial forms by adhering to an adverbial forms, to connective particles that coordinate two distinct sentences, and to connectives. In addition, in comparing the usages of the verb iu ‘say’ with derivational usages of the visual perception verb mi-ru ‘see’, tone can deduce that there are common usages, even though the original lexical meanings of two words are different.