다비토(旅人)의 用字法 - 「在」와 「有」를 중심으로 -
On Tabito’s Kanji Notations - Focusing on 「Zai」 and 「You」 -
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In the classic Chinese syntax where 「zai」 and 「you」 are regarded as verbs, 「zai」 is constructed as 「man(stuff)+zai+place」(「人(物)+在+場所」) while 「you」 is constructed as 「place+you+man(stuff)」(「場所+有+人(物)」). This study analyzes the notation of 「zai」 and 「you」 in Tabito’s poems from 『Manyoshu(万葉集)』. Some of 「zai」 constructions are the same as those of Chinese, but others are not. The constructions that differs from Chinese did not remain in Hyangga (鄕歌), but it can be found in Shilla Jeokseongbi(新羅赤城碑)(AD551). In 「you」 constructions that take the auxiliary verbs, 不ㆍ將, the word order and pronunciation are the same as the cases of Chinese. In the old folk songs from Shilla, the word order is the same as the cases of Chinese while its pronunciation is complied with Idu(吏読). Furthermore, its notation is pretty much similar with Shilla’s old folk song when a postpositional particle is used. For the reasons mentioned above, it can be concluded that Tabito’s usage of 「zai」 and 「you」 was influenced by Shilla, which was geographically close to the Dazaifu(大宰府) cultural area.
Abstract
In the classic Chinese syntax where 「zai」 and 「you」 are regarded as verbs, 「zai」 is constructed as 「man(stuff)+zai+place」(「人(物)+在+場所」) while 「you」 is constructed as 「place+you+man(stuff)」(「場所+有+人(物)」). This study analyzes the notation of 「zai」 and 「you」 in Tabito’s poems from 『Manyoshu(万葉集)』. Some of 「zai」 constructions are the same as those of Chinese, but others are not. The constructions that differs from Chinese did not remain in Hyangga (鄕歌), but it can be found in Shilla Jeokseongbi(新羅赤城碑)(AD551). In 「you」 constructions that take the auxiliary verbs, 不ㆍ將, the word order and pronunciation are the same as the cases of Chinese. In the old folk songs from Shilla, the word order is the same as the cases of Chinese while its pronunciation is complied with Idu(吏読). Furthermore, its notation is pretty much similar with Shilla’s old folk song when a postpositional particle is used. For the reasons mentioned above, it can be concluded that Tabito’s usage of 「zai」 and 「you」 was influenced by Shilla, which was geographically close to the Dazaifu(大宰府) cultural area.
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