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정신회전과제를 통한 정신훈련이 운동학습에 미치는 영향

Motor Learning through Mental Practicewith Mental Rotation Task

박지원|최진호
특수교육재활과학연구소 (The Research Institute for Special Education & Rehabilitation Science)|2006.09|특수교육재활과학연구|제45권 제3호|pp. 173-189

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키워드

motor learning운동학습정신훈련운동심상motor imagery정신회전과제mental practicemental rotation task
주제분류기타사회과학

초록

실제 운동 또는 훈련을 통한 운동학습이 새로운 운동기술을 습득하는데 가장 효과적이지만 정신훈련을 통한 운동학습 또한 운동기술의 수행을 향상시킬 수 있다.본 연구는 49명의 정상인을 대상으로 연구대상자를 실제훈련군, 정신훈련군, 대조군으로 무작위 할당하여 실제훈련과 정신훈련 시행 전과 후에 정신회전과제의 반응시간을 측정하였다. 그리고 어떠한 훈련도 시행하지 않은 대조군과 비교하여 운동학습에 대한 정신훈련의 효과를 비교 관찰하였는데, 정신회전과제의 자극으로 컴퓨터 모니터에 16가지 회전된 손 사진(오른손과 왼손 사진 각각 8가지)을 제시하였고, 자극이 왼손이면 왼쪽 버턴을, 오른손이면 오른손 버턴을 시지를 이용해 가능한 빨리 누르도록 하여 자극에 따른 반응시간을 측정하여 이요인 반복 측정 공분산 분석을 시행하였다.본 연구 결과 첫째, 대조군에 비해 실제훈련군과 정신훈련군에서 정신회전과제의 자극에 대한 반응시간은 통계학적으로 유의하게 감소되어 실제훈련과 정신훈련이 운동학습에 효과가 있었다. 둘째, 실제훈련군과 정신훈련군 간의 정신회전과제의 자극에 대한 반응시간 감소정도는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않아 운동학습에 훈련방법에 따른 우월성은 발견되지 않았다. 따라서 정신훈련은 실제훈련과 같이 운동학습에 효과가 있었다.

Abstract

Motor learning could be also achived through the mental practice, although many neurosicence studies revealed that the physical practice was more effective method to improve the abilities that can acquire the new motor skill. The purpose of the present study was to examine motor skill learning after mental and physical practice. Forty nine subjects were randomly divided to each 3 groups respectively(mental, physical, and control group), and assigned to press the matched button as quickly and accurately as possible as to whether the stimulus was a pictured hand in a total 16 position, 8 each of a left hand and a right hand, which was presented on a computer screen. Reaction time was recorded before and after training within each of groups. A repeated measurement of two way ANCOVA(group : mental, physical, control)× (repeat : pre, post) showed a main effect of pre-post and a significant interaction of pre-post×group, reflecting a great reduction in RT for mental and physical training compared with control group, but there was no difference in the testof between subject effect. The findings reveal that the improvement of the motor skill occurred in both mental and actual practice, and mental imagery training is as much effective as the actual training.

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