그래픽 조직자와 아이패드를 활용한 보편적 학습설계 기반 명시적 어휘 교수가 초등학교 지적장애 학생의 수용 및 표현어휘력에 미치는 효과
Effects of Universal Design for Learning-based Explicit Vocabulary Instruction using a Graphic Organizer and an iPad on Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Ability of Elementary Students with Intellectual Disabilities
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초록
본 연구는 그래픽 조직자 및 아이패드를 활용한 보편적 학습설계 기반 명시적 어휘 교수가 초등학교 지적장애 학생의 수용 및 표현어휘력에 미치는 효과를 조사하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 초등학교에 재학 중인 지적장애 학생 3명을 대상으로 단일사례연구 방법인 대상자 간 중다간헐 기초선 설계를 이용하여 총 17회기의 중재를 제공하였고 대상자들의 수용 및 표현어휘력에 미친 중재, 유지 및 일반화 효과를 측정하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중재 후 모든 참여 학생의 수용 및 표현어휘력 점수는 기초선 단계에 비해 크게 향상하였으며 중재 종료 후에도 중재 효과가 잘 유지되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 참여 학생마다 차이는 있지만, 전반적으로 긍정적인 일반화 효과가 있는 것으로 보고되었다. 셋째, 모든 참여 학생들은 중재에 대해 긍정적인 의견을 밝혔으며 중재가 어휘력 향상에 도움을 주었다고 인식하고 있었다. 이러한 결과는 본 연구의 보편적 학습설계 기반 명시적 어휘 교수가 지적장애 학생의 어휘력에 효과적인 교수 방법임을 시사한다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 중재의 현장 적용성 및 후속 연구 방향성에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of universal design for learning-based explicit vocabulary instruction using a graphic organizer and an iPad on receptive and expressive vocabulary ability of elementary students with intellectual disabilities. For this purpose, three students with intellectual disabilities participated in the study and a single-case multi-probe design was used across participants. A total of 17 instruction sessions were provided and the effects of intervention, maintenance and generalization on the participants’ receptive and expressive vocabulary ability were measured. The main results of this study are as follows. First, after the intervention, all participants’ receptive and expressive vocabulary ability probe scores significantly improved compared to ones in the baseline stage and it was found that the intervention effect was maintained after the intervention was terminated. Second, although there were differences among participants, there was a positive generalization effect overall. Third, all participants had positive perspectives toward the intervention and recognized that the intervention helped them improve their vocabulary ability. The results suggest that universal design for learning-based explicit vocabulary instruction is an effective teaching method for students with intellectual disabilities to improve their vocabulary ability. Based on the results of the study, the implications for the field and recommendations for future research were provided.
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