한국인에서 비타민 D: 성별, 연령, 거주지, 계절에 따른 상태 및 결핍의 유병률
Vitamin D Levels and Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency Associated with Sex, Age, Region, and Season in Koreans
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초록
배경: 비타민 D의 결핍은 구루병이나 골연화증을 일으킬 뿐만 아니라, 당뇨병, 암, 심혈관 질환과도 관련이 있다. 비타민 D에 대한 연구들이 많이 보고되고 있지만, 비타민 D 측정방법, 연구대상자 및 채혈시기에 따라 일관된 의견은 없다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 비타민 D 표준측정법을 사용해서, 연령, 지역, 채혈시기에 따른비타민 D의 혈중 농도 및 비타민 D결핍의 유병률을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2013년 1월부터 12월까지 전국 13개 도시의 16개 검진센터를 내원한 검진자 중 혈청 비타민 D 검사를 한 17,252명(남, 9,180명; 여, 8,072명)을 대상으로, MSMS Vitamin D Kit (PerkinElmer, Wallac Oy, Turku, Finland)를 이용해서 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)법으로 혈청 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3을 측정하였다. 결과: 25(OH)D는 여성에서 유의하게 더 낮았다. 25(OH)D의 중위수는 남녀 모두에서 20대에서 가장 낮았고, 1, 2월에 가장 낮았으며, 8-10월에 높았다. 25(OH)D 결핍(10 ng/mL 미만) 유병률은 여성에서 더 높았고, 남녀 모두에서 20대에 최고 유병률을 보이고, 60세 미만까지 연령대가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 지역에 따른 비타민 D 결핍 유병률은 서울, 경기지역이 가장 높았다. 결론: 25(OH)D의 혈중 농도와 25(OH)D 결핍 유병률은 성별, 연령, 채혈시기(계절), 지역에 따라서 차이가 있었다.
Abstract
Background: Although many studies on vitamin D have been conducted, they have not been consistent regarding the method of measurement, the individuals investigated, and the season of blood sampling. Thus, this study was performed to investigate 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency by age, region, and season using the standard method for vitamin D measurement. Methods: A total of 17,252 health examinees (9,180 men and 8,072 women) who were administered the vitamin D test at 16 health promotion centers in 13 cities in Korea from January to December 2013 were selected for this study. Measurements of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 were performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using the MSMS Vitamin D Kit. Results: The levels of 25(OH)D were significantly lower among women than men. The median 25(OH)D value was lowest among men and women in their 20s when compared to other age groups. We observed the lowest levels in January and February and the highest levels in August, September, and October. The prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency (having levels of <10 ng/mL) was significantly higher among women than men. When different age groups were analyzed, the highest rates of 25(OH)D deficiency were found in their 20s, and prevalence decreased with age (up to an age of 60 years). Lastly, the prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency was highest in Seoul and the Gyeonggi area when compared to other regions. Conclusions: Level of 25(OH)D and the prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency differed by sex, age, month (season), and region.
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