동북공정에 관한 한ㆍ중 언론의 보도태도

Abstract

The Dongbei Project(Dongbeigongcheng or the Northeast Project) of the Chinese Borderland Research Center, an organ under the Chinese Academy Of Social Sciences was originally far-famed as the question of the title to the history of the Goguryeo Dynasty(or the Koguryo Dynasty, an ancient dynasty of Korea) in Korea. Koreans believed and believe that China might include the history of the Goguryeo Dynasty among the history of China. Koreans, therefore, got angry and expressed various and explosive responses. From the year 2004 to the year 2006, the best issue that heated Korean society was the very Dongbei Project. Koreans raised an objection to China, and history disputes or history war happened between Korea and China. By the way, unlike atmospheres were produced between both countries during the above period. Various and explosive responses appeared in Korea, while something in particular didn't happened in China. Whereas Korean peoples participated actively, Chinese peoples didn't so. As to that reason, this treatise examined the press report of Korea and China on the matter of the Dongbei Project. Through analyzing attitudes of the press reports, this treatise inquired into the reason that unlike responses happened in the two countries. To perform this work, four researchers surveyed the press reports that were reported in both countries from the year 2003 to the year 2007. As a result, we found out differences in the attitudes of the press reports of the two countries. It wasn't merely differences in the quantities of the press reports. It's clearly differences in the attitudes of the press reports. The attitudes of the Korean press reports can be summarized as derivation and metamorphoses. Firstly, the Korean press displayed the attitude of derivation. We can say that the attitude of derivation contributed to the various responses of the Korean people. At the start, the Korean press informed readers that the Dongbei Project of China was to include the history of Goguryeo among the Chinese history. However, various matters were derived from the matter of the Dongbei Project through the Korean press. Those are the matter of the title of the history, the matter of the dominium, and the matter of the cultural inventor. The Korean press informed that the intention of the project was related to the history of Gojoseon(Old Joseon), Buyeo, Baekje, Silla, Balhae, and Goryeo as well as the history of Goguryeo. Herewith, Korean people became to believe that China was trying to include the total history of Korea among the history of China. And the Korean press informed readers that the project was related to territorial problems. In the year 2004 that is the first round of the Korea-Sino history war, the Korean press maintained that the project of China was to prepare for the Gando(the borderland between the Joseon Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty) disputes after the unification of Korea. In 2006, the second round, the Korean press again maintained that the project was to provide for the dominium of Baekdoosan(a mountain in North Korea) after the unification. Because the Dongbei Project became to related to the substantial territorial problems through the Korean press, the Korean people became to express the more passionate responses. It is cannot overlooked that the press reports of America and Japan contributed to the nexus between the Dongbei Project and the territorial problems. And the Korean press informed readers that the project was related to the originators disputes of various heritages such as the art of printing, the Dano Festival(the fifth of the fifth month of the year according to the lunar calendar), the rainfall gauge, and etc. Are the originators of the those heritages Korea? Or China? It's the focus of the disputes. It contributed to induce Korean people to show interest in the Korea-Sino history war. In a word, it's dressing materials. Secondly, the Korean press displayed the attitude of metamorphoses. We can say that the attitude of the metamorphoses contributed to the explosive responses of the Korean people. So called the attitude of the metamorphoses means that the matter of the Dongbei Project was transformed into the logic behind politics through the Korean press reports. Those are the Sinophobia logic, the logic of the inter-Korean co-operation, and the logic of the maintenance of the status quo. The last logic includes the opposing logic of the liquidating the pro-Japanese group and the defense logic of the South Korea-U.S. alliance. With the matter of the Dongbei Project as a moment, certain reports spreaded Sinophobia, another reports advocated the union of the nation or co-operation of the nation, other reports insisted on the interruption of the liquidation of the Japanophile and the strengthening of the South Korea-U.S. alliance. Here, the Sinophobia logic was more proliferated by the backing of the American and Japanese press. The attitude of the Chinese press reports can be summarized as the delivery of the brief news story. As a whole, the Chinese press only deliver facts on the matter of the Dongbei Project. Certain press reports propagandized a position of one's own country, or criticized one-sidedly Korea. In the meantime, somethings uncommon appeared in the press reports of Hongkong and Guangdong Province. Some reports of these regions suggested eclectic solution and expressed understand of the position of Korean side. We can say that these exceptional reports were due to the characteristics of the regions. It is said that the press of these regions are comparatively free from the control of the central government.