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19세기 미국 서부지역 아시안 이주와 反아시안 정서의 형성

Asian Migration to the Western U.S. and Formation of Anti-Asian Sentiments in the 19th Century

신효승
수선사학회|2019.01|사림 (SARIM, The Historical Journal)|제67호|pp. 55-87|DOI 10.20457/SHA.67.3

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참고문헌

키워드

이주민Migrants영유권근대 국민국가National sovereignty미국 서부지역반아시안 정서Modern nation-statesWestern U.S.Anti-Asian sentiments
주제분류역사학

초록

Northeast Asia was incorporated in the 19th century into the order of world capitalism. International order was established on the relationships among the unit of nations, and the nations defined their relationship with other nations on the basis of treaties. While the treaties were signed to build relationships among nations, from another perspective, they also worked as criteria to form international order. As these criteria were accumulated, the international order was formed and maintained. The order of world capitalism led to the expansion of exchange and trade among nations. The objects of exchange among nations varied from raw materials to finished goods. With this trend, labor force became an important object of exchange among nations. Plantation agriculture vitalized slave trade by commercializing black Africans. Slave trade gradually declined after the industrial revolution, however, and instead laborers replaced slaves. Migration of workers among nations created a situation in which nationals and non-nationals existed within the territory of a nation. Thus, while the protection of its own nationals was an important responsibility of a nation-state, fulfillment of responsibility by one nation-state conflicted with interferences by other nations when their nationals were in the territory of the nation. In the 19th century, though the nations concerned in most cases solved the problems through diplomatic negotiations among them, in extreme cases, they solved the problems through wars.international relations were established through contractual relationships among nations with the order of world capitalism being formed, this study explores international relations with the focus on the movement of human resources or ‘human migration’ among nations. Through this, this study tries to understand the international relations surrounding Northeast Asia which Chosun faced after it was incorporated into the order of world capitalism in 1876 from the perspective of world history.

Abstract

Northeast Asia was incorporated in the 19th century into the order of world capitalism. International order was established on the relationships among the unit of nations, and the nations defined their relationship with other nations on the basis of treaties. While the treaties were signed to build relationships among nations, from another perspective, they also worked as criteria to form international order. As these criteria were accumulated, the international order was formed and maintained. The order of world capitalism led to the expansion of exchange and trade among nations. The objects of exchange among nations varied from raw materials to finished goods. With this trend, labor force became an important object of exchange among nations. Plantation agriculture vitalized slave trade by commercializing black Africans. Slave trade gradually declined after the industrial revolution, however, and instead laborers replaced slaves. Migration of workers among nations created a situation in which nationals and non-nationals existed within the territory of a nation. Thus, while the protection of its own nationals was an important responsibility of a nation-state, fulfillment of responsibility by one nation-state conflicted with interferences by other nations when their nationals were in the territory of the nation. In the 19th century, though the nations concerned in most cases solved the problems through diplomatic negotiations among them, in extreme cases, they solved the problems through wars.international relations were established through contractual relationships among nations with the order of world capitalism being formed, this study explores international relations with the focus on the movement of human resources or ‘human migration’ among nations. Through this, this study tries to understand the international relations surrounding Northeast Asia which Chosun faced after it was incorporated into the order of world capitalism in 1876 from the perspective of world history.

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